<scp>ENCODE</scp>
            (Encyclopedia of
            <scp>DNA</scp>
            Elements)

Blanco, Enrique

doi:10.1002/9780471650126.dob0886

Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 2004

DOI: 10.1002/9780471650126.dob0886

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ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements)

Enrique Blanco¹

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Cited by 2 publications

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Genomics, “Discovery Science,” Systems Biology, and Causal Explanation: What Really Works?

Davidson¹

2015

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Diverse and non-coherent sets of epistemological principles currently inform research in the general area of functional genomics. Here, from the personal point of view of a scientist with over half a century of immersion in hypothesis driven scientific discovery, I compare and deconstruct the ideological bases of prominent recent alternatives, such as "discovery science," some productions of the ENCODE project, and aspects of large data set systems biology. The outputs of these types of scientific enterprise qualitatively reflect their radical definitions of scientific knowledge, and of its logical requirements. Their properties emerge in high relief when contrasted (as an example) to a recent, system-wide, predictive analysis of a developmental regulatory apparatus that was instead based directly on hypothesis-driven experimental tests of mechanism. Explanation in Developmental BiologyI n my field, animal developmental biology, and in what could be regarded as its "deep time derivative," the evolutionary biology of the animal body plan, there

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Genomics, “Discovery Science,” Systems Biology, and Causal Explanation: What Really Works?

Davidson¹

2015

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Lentiviral Vectors: A Powerful Tool to Target Astrocytes In Vivo

Delzor¹,

Escartin²,

Déglon

2013

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The morphological and functional diversity of astrocytes, and their essential contribution in physiological and pathological conditions, are starting to emerge. However, experimental systems to investigate neuron-glia interactions and develop innovative approaches for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders are still very limited. Fluorescent reporter genes have been used to visualize populations of astrocytes and produce an atlas of gene expression in the brain. Knock-down or knock-out of astrocytic proteins using transgenesis have also been developed, but these techniques remain complex and time-consuming. Viral vectors have been developed to overexpress or silence genes of interest as they can be used for both in vitro and in vivo studies in adult mammalian species. In most cases, high transduction efficiency and long-term transgene expression are observed in neurons but there is limited expression in astrocytes. Several strategies have been developed to shift the tropism of lentiviral vectors (LV) and allow local and controlled gene expression in glial cells. In this review, we describe how modifications of the interaction between the LV envelope glycoprotein and the surface receptor molecules on target cells, or the integration of cell-specific promoters and miRNA post-transcriptional regulatory elements have been used to selectively express transgenes in astrocytes.

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ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements)

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Genomics, “Discovery Science,” Systems Biology, and Causal Explanation: What Really Works?

Genomics, “Discovery Science,” Systems Biology, and Causal Explanation: What Really Works?

Lentiviral Vectors: A Powerful Tool to Target Astrocytes In Vivo

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