<scp><i>Artemisia annua</i></scp>: Trials are needed for <scp>COVID</scp>‐19

Haq, Faiz Ul; Roman, Muhammad; Ahmad, Kashif; Rahman, Saeed Ur; Shah, Syed Murtaza Ali; Suleman, Naveed; Ullah, Sami; Ahmad, Iftekhar; Ullah, Wajahat

doi:10.1002/ptr.6733

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In 2015, the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin, a compound of plant origin found in Artemisia annua (annual mugwort), inspired the researchers to study the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of other species of the genus Artemisia . Recently, this species has been taken under consideration to be active toward the virus SARS-CoV-2 and disease COVID-19 [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Artemisia Vulgaris L. (Common Mugwort) in the History of Medicine and Its Possible Contemporary Applications Substantiated by Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

et al. 2020

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Artemisia vulgaris L. (common mugwort) is a species with great importance in the history of medicine and was called the “mother of herbs” in the Middle Ages. It is a common herbaceous plant that exhibits high morphological and phytochemical variability depending on the location where it occurs. This species is well known almost all over the world. Its herb—Artemisiae vulgaris herba—is used as a raw material due to the presence of essential oil, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenoids lactones and their associated biological activities. The European Pharmacopoeia has listed this species as a potential homeopathic raw material. Moreover, this species has been used in traditional Chinese, Hindu, and European medicine to regulate the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and treat various gynecological diseases. The general aim of this review was to analyze the progress of phytochemical and pharmacological as well as professional scientific studies focusing on A. vulgaris. Thus far, numerous authors have confirmed the beneficial properties of A. vulgaris herb extracts, including their antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antispasmolytic, antinociceptive, estrogenic, cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects. In addition, several works have reviewed the use of this species in the production of cosmetics and its role as a valuable spice in the food industry. Furthermore, biotechnological micropropagation of A. vulgaris has been analyzed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Artemisia Vulgaris L. (Common Mugwort) in the History of Medicine and Its Possible Contemporary Applications Substantiated by Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

et al. 2020

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“…However, there is little scientific evidence of the effectiveness of such elixir and its extended consumption can have associated problems, the most important the development of resistance to the drug by the malaria parasites in a continent particularly sensitive to the disease. Nevertheless, there is evidence that the extract of Artemisia annua has antiviral properties, being active against SARS-CoV-1 ( Li et al., 2005 ), herpes simplex ( Karamoddini et al., 2011 ), hepatitis A ( Seo et al., 2017 ), hepatitis B, bovine viral diarrhoea, and Epstein-Barr ( Haq et al., 2020 ). This has stimulated the research of the potential use of artemisinin and derivatives (such as artesunate) to treat COVID19, which is now being conducted by several biotech companies (e.g., Mateon Therapeutics, ArtemiLife) as well as by public research institutions (e.g., the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces).…”

Section: What Plant-based and Plant-related Treatments Can Offer To Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics and Traditional Plant-Based Remedies. A Historical-Botanical Review in the Era of COVID19

Garcia

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Pandemics are as old as humanity and since ancient times we have turned to plants to find solutions to health-related problems. Traditional medicines based mostly on plants are still the only therapeutic possibility in many developing countries, but even in the richest ones, herbal formulation currently receives increased attention. Plants are natural laboratories whose complex secondary metabolism produces a wealth of chemical compounds, leading to drug discovery – 25% of widespread use drugs are indeed of plant origin. Their therapeutic potential is even bigger: although many plant-based compounds show inhibitory effects against a myriad of pathogens, few reach the stage of clinical trials. Their mechanism of action is often unknown, yet traditional plant-based remedies have the advantage of a long-term experience in their use, usually of hundreds to thousands of years, and thus a precious experience on their safety and effects. Here I am providing a non-systematic historical-botanical review of some of the most devastating pandemics that humanity has faced, with a focus on plant therapeutic uses. I will revisit the Middle Ages black death, in which a plant-based lotion (the four thieves vinegar) showed some effectiveness; the smallpox, a viral disease that lead to the discovery of vaccination but for which the native Americans had a plant ally, an interesting carnivorous plant species; tuberculosis and the use of garlic; the Spanish flu and the widespread recommendation of eating onions, among other plant-based treatments; and malaria, whose first effective treatment, quinine, came from the bark of a Peruvian tree, properties already known by the Quechua people. Synthetic analogues of quinine such as chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine are now being revisited for the treatment of COVID19 symptoms, as they are artemisinin and derivatives, other plant-based compounds effective against malaria. Finally, I will give some hints on another facet of plants to aid us in the prevention of infectious diseases: the production of biotechnological plant-based vaccines. Altogether, my aim is to stress the significant role of plants in global health (past, present and future) and the need of enhancing and protecting the botanical knowledge, from systematics to conservation, from ecology to ethnobotany.

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“…Besides malaria, Artemisinin and its derivatives have efficiency against some viral and parasitic diseases, i.e., hepatitis B, schistosomiasis, Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, and treatment of some cancers (Duffy and Mutabingwa 2006;White 2008;Efferth 2007). In addition, recently, some research groups at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Germany (Gilmore et al 2020) and the University of Swat in Pakistan (Ul Haq et al 2020) have shown in laboratory studies that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of specially bred sweet wormwood plants (Artemisia annua) are active against the new coronavirus that has caused the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies motivate scientists again to pay attention to this miracle traditional medicinal plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First principle study of silver nanoparticle interactions with antimalarial drugs extracted from Artemisia annua plant

2020

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Silver nanoparticles have a great potential in a broad range of applications such as drug-delivery carriers because of their antiviral and antibacterial properties. In this study, the coating properties of silver nanoparticle (size range of 1.6 nm) with three common anti-malarial drugs, Artemisinin, Artemether, and Artesunate have been studied by using the quantum mechanical and classical atomistic molecular dynamics simulation in order to use as the drug delivery to treat malaria and COVID-19 diseases. The optimized structure, frequencies, charge distribution, and the electrostatic potential maps of the three drug molecules were simulated by using the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++g(d,p) level of theory. Then, molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the coating of AgNP with each of these drugs. The affinity of interaction was obtained as Artesunate > Artemether > Artemisinin which is in agreement with the DFT results on the adsorption of drugs on the Ag(111) slab.

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Artemisia annua: Trials are needed for COVID‐19

Abstract: , an increasing number of cases of novel coronavirus, designated SARS-CoV-2, has caused worldwide outbreak of respiratory infection now termed coronavirus disease 2019

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Significance of Artemisia Vulgaris L. (Common Mugwort) in the History of Medicine and Its Possible Contemporary Applications Substantiated by Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

Significance of Artemisia Vulgaris L. (Common Mugwort) in the History of Medicine and Its Possible Contemporary Applications Substantiated by Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

Pandemics and Traditional Plant-Based Remedies. A Historical-Botanical Review in the Era of COVID19

First principle study of silver nanoparticle interactions with antimalarial drugs extracted from Artemisia annua plant

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