Nanostructures such as nanosheets, nanotubes, nanocages,
and fullerenes
have been extensively studied as potential candidates in various fields
since the advancement of nanoscience. Herein, the interaction between
biguanides (BGN) and metformin (MET) on the modified covalent organic
framework (COF), COF-B, and COF-Al was investigated using density
functional theory at the ωB97XD/6-311+G (d, p) level of computation
to explore a new drug delivery system. The electronic properties evaluation
reveals that the studied surfaces are suited for the delivery of both
drug molecules. The calculated adsorption energies and basis set superposition
errors (BSSE) ranged between −21.20 and −65.86 kJ/mol.
The negative values obtained are an indication of excellent interaction
between the drug molecules and the COF surfaces. Moreover, BGN is
better adsorbed on COF-B with E
ads of
−65.86 kJ/mol, while MET is better adsorbed on COF-Al with E
ads = −47.30 kJ/mol. The analysis of
the quantum theory of atom in molecules (QTAIM) explained the nature
and strength of intermolecular interaction existing between the drug
molecules BGN and MET with the adsorbing surfaces. The analysis of
noncovalent interaction (NCI) shows a weak hydrogen-bond interaction.
Other properties such as quantum chemical descriptors and natural
bond orbital (NBO) analysis also agree with the potential of COF surfaces
as drug delivery systems. The electron localization function (ELF)
is discussed, and it confirms the transitions occurring in the NBO
analysis of the complexes. In conclusion, COF-B and COF-Al are suitable
candidates for the effective delivery of BGN and MET.