Langerhans cell histiocytosis: an unusual cause of tooth mobility

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (formerly known as histiocytosis X) is a rare disease of unknown pathogenesis characterised by a pathological proliferation of immature Langerhan cells (important components of the immune response, functioning as antigen presenting cells). Clinical presentation can range from a solitary lesion of bone to a multisystem life‐threatening disorder. Oral manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis have been reported to be as high as 77%. Dentists may be the first clinicians to see early manifestations of the disease. Failure to recognise and appropriately refer these patients could result in extensive destruction of involved tissue, or delay management of the more serious multiorgan disease. We report a case of localised Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a 47‐year‐old female presenting with a short history of single tooth mobility. The clinical and radiographic evaluation, differential diagnosis and management are reported.