“…Fortunato et al (2019) provide evidence of return transmission from the US to the Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Mexico, and Peru equity markets. Coleman et al (2018) find the co-movements between the US and LA (Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, and Argentina) stock markets. Su (2020) reports the dominant risk transmission from the G7 (US, Japan, UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Canada) countries to the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) stock markets.…”