MALAT1/miR‐185‐5p mediated high glucose‐induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the RhoA/ROCK pathway

Abstract

To explore the underlying mechanism of lncRNA MALAT1 in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). DCM models were confirmed in db/db mice. MiRNAs in myocardium were detected by miRNA sequencing. The interactions of miR‐185‐5p with MALAT1 and RhoA were validated by dual‐luciferase reporter assays. Primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were cultured with 5.5 or 30 mmol/L D‐glucose (HG) in the presence or absence of MALAT1‐shRNA and fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor. MALAT1 and miR‐185‐5p expression were determined by real‐time quantitative PCR. The apoptotic cardiomyocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. SOD activity and MDA contents were measured. The ROCK activity, phosphorylation of Drp1S616, mitofusin 2 and apoptosis‐related proteins were analysed by Western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by JC‐1. MALAT1 was significantly up‐regulated while miR‐185‐5p was down‐regulated in myocardium of db/db mice and HG‐induced cardiomyocytes. MALAT1 regulated RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR‐185‐5p in cardiomyocytes in HG. Knockdown of MALAT1 and fasudil all inhibited HG‐induced oxidative stress, and alleviated imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction, accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MALAT1 activated the RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR‐185‐5p and mediated HG‐induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in mice.

LncRNA and mRNA expression characteristic and bioinformatic analysis in myocardium of diabetic cardiomyopathy mice

“…Liu et al suggest that down-regulated NORAD improves cardiac fibrosis in db/db mice via the NORAD/miR-125a-3p/Fyn axis [ 38 ]. In our previous study, we found that lncRNA MALAT1 expression was elevated in HG-induced primary mouse cardiomyocytes and mediated HG-induced apoptosis through activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR-185-5p [ 39 ]. This is consistent with our present results, our RNA-sequencing results showed a trend of increased expression of MALAT1 in DCM group and our data also revealed reduced Bcl-2 expression and elevated Bax expression in db/db mice hearts, which demonstrating a trend toward increased apoptosis in DCM.…”

Roles of non-coding RNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy

“…Knockdown of HOTAIR in high glucose-induced H9c2 cells resulted in increased oxidative injury. HOTAIR could protect against DCM via activating of the Sirtuin 1(SIRT1) expression by sponging miR-34a [ 90 ]. Additionally, lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly upregulated in the myocardium of diabetic mice and high glucose-induced cardiomyocytes, mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis through activating the RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR-185-5p.…”