<scp>MRI</scp> FEATURES OF CERVICAL ARTICULAR PROCESS DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE IN <scp>G</scp>REAT <scp>D</scp>ANE DOGS WITH CERVICAL SPONDYLOMYELOPATHY

Gutierrez‐Quintana, Rodrigo; Penderis, Jacques

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.2011.01912.x

Cited by 29 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although foraminal stenosis secondary to the abnormal bony proliferation is common in osseous-associated CSM (da Costa et al, 2012; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012), this is the first morphometric MRI study reporting intervertebral foraminal sizes in a giant dog breed. Foraminal stenosis can be a source of cervical pain (Humphreys et al, 1998; da Costa et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Degenerative or osteoarthritic changes of the articular processes are one of the most common causes of vertebral canal stenosis and secondary spinal cord compression in GDs with osseous-associated CSM (Rendano and Smith, 1981; Lipsitz et al, 2001; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). In this study, the areas of the caudal articular processes at C5–C6 and C6–C7 were 45% and 37% larger in CSM-affected GDs than clinically normal GDs, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for dogs with suspected CSM (Lipsitz et al, 2001; da Costa, 2010; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphologic MRI features of GDs with osseous-associated CSM have been described retrospectively (Lipsitz et al, 2001; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). These studies provided a qualitative description of MRI abnormalities in CSM-affected GDs with clinical signs, but no morphometric information was provided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Martín-Vaquero

Costa

Lima

2014

The Veterinary Journal

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Morphometric investigations comparing normal and affected animals increase our understanding of spinal diseases in dogs. The aim of this study was to generate morphometric data for osseous-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) in Great Danes (GDs). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphometric features of the cervical vertebral column of GDs with and without clinical signs of CSM were characterized and compared. Thirty client-owned GDs were prospectively enrolled, including 15 clinically normal and 15 CSM-affected GDs. All dogs underwent MRI of the cervical to thoracic vertebral column (C2–C3 through T1–T2). Areas of the cranial and caudal articular processes, and the height, width and areas of the vertebral canal and spinal cord were determined. Middle foraminal heights were measured. Intervertebral disc width was measured before and after traction. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement were calculated. CSM-affected GDs had larger areas of the caudal articular processes from C2–C3 through T1–T2. In CSM-affected GDs, the vertebral canal and spinal cord areas were significantly smaller at C5–C6 and C6–C7, the vertebral canal width was significantly narrower at C6–C7 and C7–T1, and the spinal cord width was significantly narrower at C5–C6 and C6–C7. Middle foraminal height was smaller in CSM-affected GDs from C3–C4 through C7-T1. Neutral intervertebral disc widths were smaller in CSM-affected GDs. It was concluded that the cervical vertebral canal dimensions are significantly different between normal and CSM-affected GDs. Absolute vertebral canal stenosis and severe foraminal stenosis involving the cervical vertebrae distinguish CSM-affected from clinically normal GDs. These findings are relevant to the pathogenesis of osseous-associated CSM and should be taken into consideration when performing imaging studies and planning surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for dogs with suspected CSM (Lipsitz et al, 2001; da Costa, 2010; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Martín-Vaquero

Costa

Lima

2014

The Veterinary Journal

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“…, 1, 2 CSM in dogs shares similarities with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the most common cause of chronic compressive cervical myelopathy in people 2, 3, 4. While surgical treatment can attenuate the progression of this human disease, many patients are left with substantial neurologic disability 3.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine Concentrations in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Great Danes with Cervical Spondylomyelopathy

Martín-Vaquero

Costa

Moore

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundChronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of human cervical spondylotic myelopathy and could also play a role in cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine concentrations would differ between clinically normal (control) and CSM‐affected Great Danes (GDs), with affected GDs showing higher levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1/chemokine ligand 2 (MCP‐1/CCL2).AnimalsClient‐owned GDs: 15 control, 15 CSM‐affected.MethodsProspective study. Dogs underwent cervical vertebral column magnetic resonance imaging and collection of CSF from the cerebellomedullary cistern. Cytokine concentrations were measured using a commercially available canine multiplex immunoassay. Cytokine concentrations were compared between groups. Associations with the administration of anti‐inflammatory medications, disease duration and severity, severity of spinal cord (SC) compression, and SC signal changes were investigated in affected GDs.ResultsAffected GDs had significantly lower MCP‐1/CCL2 (mean 138.03 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 114.85–161.20) than control GDs (212.89 pg/mL, 95% CI = 165.68–260.11, P = .028). In affected GDs, MCP‐1/CCL2 concentrations correlated inversely with the severity of SC compression. There were no associations with administration of anti‐inflammatory medications, disease duration, or disease severity. IL‐6 concentrations were significantly higher (2.20 pg/mL, 95% CI = 1.92–2.47, P < .001) in GDs with SC signal changes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLower MCP‐1/CCL2 in CSM‐affected GDs might compromise clearance of axonal and myelin debris, delay axon regeneration, and affect recovery. Higher IL‐6 in CSM‐affected GDs with SC signal changes suggests more severe inflammation in this group.

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The Musculoskeletal System

2022

Veterinary Head and Neck Imaging

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MRI FEATURES OF CERVICAL ARTICULAR PROCESS DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE IN GREAT DANE DOGS WITH CERVICAL SPONDYLOMYELOPATHY

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Cytokine Concentrations in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Great Danes with Cervical Spondylomyelopathy

The Musculoskeletal System

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