<scp>P</scp>esticide exposures to migrant farmworkers in eastern NC: Detection of metabolites in farmworker urine associated with housing violations and camp characteristics

Raymer, James; Studabaker, William B.; Gardner, Michael S.; Talton, Jennifer W.; Quandt, Sara A.; Chen, H.; Michael, L.C.; McCombs, Michelle; Arcury, Thomas A.

doi:10.1002/ajim.22284

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, similar TCPY concentrations were reported in another study from North Carolina in male migrant tobacco workers who did not participate in any pesticide application processes [41]. Parathion metabolite, PNP, concentrations detected in our study were equivalent to the concentrations found in Thailand by Panuwet et al [39], but lower than the concentrations found by Raymer et al [41] in North Carolina.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, Aldana-Madrid et al [32] studied local field workers from Sonora, which are not representative of our study population, that frequently migrate from the Southern Mexican States and temporarily reside in migrant dormitories located within the farm where they are employed. Interestingly, when comparing our OP results with other farmworker pesticide studies outside of the Sonora region, we found that concentrations of the chlorpyrifos metabolite (TCPY) in our study participants were higher than those reported in studies conducted in Ecuador, Thailand, and a study conducted in Latino farmworkers from North Carolina [38,39,41]. In addition, similar TCPY concentrations were reported in another study from North Carolina in male migrant tobacco workers who did not participate in any pesticide application processes [41].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…Interestingly, when comparing our OP results with other farmworker pesticide studies outside of the Sonora region, we found that concentrations of the chlorpyrifos metabolite (TCPY) in our study participants were higher than those reported in studies conducted in Ecuador, Thailand, and a study conducted in Latino farmworkers from North Carolina [38,39,41]. In addition, similar TCPY concentrations were reported in another study from North Carolina in male migrant tobacco workers who did not participate in any pesticide application processes [41]. Parathion metabolite, PNP, concentrations detected in our study were equivalent to the concentrations found in Thailand by Panuwet et al [39], but lower than the concentrations found by Raymer et al [41] in North Carolina.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

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Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico

López-Gálvez

Wagoner

Beamer

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides among migrant farmworkers. A sample of 20 migrant farmworkers was recruited from a large commercial grape farm during the harvest season. We administered a questionnaire on work activities, exposure characteristics, and socio-demographics. We collected urine samples to quantify pesticide metabolite concentrations. Most participants were originally from the state of Chiapas, Mexico, none had completed high school, and about half spoke an indigenous language as well as Spanish. The majority of participants had detectable concentrations of pyrethroid and organophosphate biomarkers. Geometric mean creatinine-adjusted concentrations for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (1.83 µg/g), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (0.88 µg/g), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (0.94 µg/g), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3.56 µg/g), and para-nitrophenol (0.63 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the general United States’ population and Mexican Americans. Our results also suggest that migrant farmworkers in this region are exposed to pesticides at higher levels than other farmworkers’ studies. Farmworkers’ age, language, training on personal protective equipment, time at the farm, and season, were significant exposure determinants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

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Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico

López-Gálvez

Wagoner

Beamer

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Research with Latino tobacco workers in North Carolina documents that these workers are exposed to large numbers of pesticides, often with large doses. [30][31][32][33] These include organophosphorus, carbamate, and pyrethroid pesticides, all of which are neurotoxic. Exposure to the organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides is reflected in depressed cholinesterase levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Cotinine Levels Among Latino Tobacco Farmworkers in North Carolina Compared to Latinos Not Employed in Agriculture

Arcury

Laurienti

Talton

et al. 2015

NICTOB

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This study documents the heavy burden of nicotine exposure and dose experienced by tobacco workers in North Carolina. Hundreds of thousands of farmworkers and farmers in the United States and Canada, as well as agricultural workers around the world, share this burden of nicotine exposure and dose. These results support the need to change work practices and regulations to protect workers. They also document the need to delineate the health effects of long-term exposure to high transdermal nicotine doses.

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“…About 20% lived in households with more than eight workers shower and about 20% lived where not met the standard of 30 or fewer workers per washing machine. RAYMER et al (2014) studied 183 migrant farmworker camps in eastern North Carolina in 2010. Data and urine samples were collected from 371 men.…”

Section: Rural Workers' Health and The Use Of Pesticides In Developedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural workers` health related to the use of pesticides in developing and developed countries

Coelho

2017

Revista Vértices

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This review aims to examine the issue rural workers' health and the use of pesticides in its various aspects, especially emphasizing how that is doing in developing and developed countries. We found than the rural workers pesticide contamination problems occur both in developing countries as in developed countries. We concluded than to ensure the rural workers' health when they use pesticides becomes necessary to increase the training of workers. It is also important to build political agendas and actions in the health of agricultural workers, with implementation of preventive health programs with greater oversight and monitoring on pesticide use. IntroductionThe indiscriminate application of pesticides affects both human health and natural ecosystems. The use of pesticides in agriculture can be justified by the need to increase agricultural production, but behind the use of these substances are the risks of occupational diseases confirmed by studies that focus primarily on specific types of substances (SILVA & SADI, 2006). The epidemiology of the use of pesticides in agriculture should be seen not only in terms of consumers, but in view of occupational hazard among farmers or rural workers. DOI: 10.19180/1809DOI: 10.19180/ -2667 In general, there is a false thought that in the developed countries there is no problem related to poisoning of farm workers by pesticides. According to the "Centers for Disease Artigo de RevisãoControl and Prevention" of the United States, agriculture is the most dangerous industry for American workers, affecting mainly the younger ones. It was found that 76% of agricultural workers suffered fatal accident were under 16 years and worked in an agricultural family business that was exempt from child labor laws (CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. NIOSH, 2003).Pesticides have been widely used to control pests and diseases related to agriculture, fisheries, forestry and food industry. Throughout history it was necessary to create laws that establish safety rules regarding the use of pesticides in order to reduce their impact on the environment and the health of farm workers. Leaflet and label are examples of this and are the main sources of information for rural workers, helping to prevent accidents and consequently poisoning (ZAMBRONE & CORREA, 2008).This review aims to examine the issue rural workers' health and the use of pesticides in its various aspects, especially emphasizing how that is doing in developing and developed countries. MetodologyWe utilized the site periodic capes (www.periodicos.capes.gov.br) and the key words utilized were: "segurança and agrotóxico" and "rural work and pesticide". The time was the last 10 years. We found 75 citations and selected 35 than talked about rural workers` health related to the use of pesticides. These 35 citations, 14 were in Portuguese language: 11 papers, 1 dissertation, 1 book and 1 technical bulletin and 21 were in English language: 18 papers, 2 books and 1 technical bulletin. We found mainly citations of the last five years (...

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Pesticide exposures to migrant farmworkers in eastern NC: Detection of metabolites in farmworker urine associated with housing violations and camp characteristics

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico

Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico

Urinary Cotinine Levels Among Latino Tobacco Farmworkers in North Carolina Compared to Latinos Not Employed in Agriculture

Rural workers` health related to the use of pesticides in developing and developed countries

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