<scp>Pakistan's COVID-</scp>19 <scp>Outbreak Preparedness and Response: A Situational Analysis</scp>

Noreen, Nadia; Rehman, Syed Atta Ur; Naveed, I; Niazi, Saeed Ullah Khan; Furqan, Irfan B

doi:10.1089/hs.2021.0006

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Pakistan's health system with a chronically underfunded primary health care, limited availability of human resources and slow bureaucratic government processes was not up to a good start in December 2020 when the first cases of COVID-19 were identified. Despite this, a coordinated and multisectoral whole of government response at the early stage of the pandemic ( 15 ) allowed some of the districts to creatively redesign their health systems ( 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lessons learnt of the COVID-19 contact tracing strategy in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan using systems thinking processes

Zafar

Fruchtman

Khalid³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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The strategy of test, trace and isolate has been promoted and seen as a crucial tool in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. As simple as the slogan sounds, effectively implementing it turns into a complex endeavor with multiple moving parts and the need for multisector collaboration. In this study, we apply a systems thinking lens to analyse the design and implementation of the contact tracing strategy for COVID-19 in the district of Islamabad, Pakistan. The data collection included participatory observation, reflective exercises, key informant interviews and participatory workshops with district health managers and health providers. The information gathered was structured using process and stakeholder mapping to identify the lessons learned of the COVID-19 contact tracing strategy. The results showed that the elements crucial for implementation were, good coordination during a crisis, available resources mobilized effectively and establishment of early active surveillance for contact tracing. Furthermore, the main aspects to be improved were lack of preparedness and existing surveillance systems and task shifting leading to impact on regular health services. The results of this study highlight the importance of developing information systems that are coherent with existing processes and resources, even in times of crisis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With limited time and resources, Islamabad developed a focused strategy of testing, tracing, risk communication and home isolation. The ICT District Health Management Team (DHMT) operated in liaison with other vital stakeholders that facilitated their work ( 16 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learnt of the COVID-19 contact tracing strategy in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan using systems thinking processes

Zafar

Fruchtman

Khalid³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Endoscopies were also determined to be at minimal pace during April -July 2020 (Figure 7, Table 1). Although patients' visit to the hospitals for health issues other than those of COVID-19 were tremendously reduced; about 134 laboratories and 735 hospitals and were identified and deputed to diagnose the COVID-19 cases and manage them by adequate healthcare provision and counseling [16]. COVID-19 pandemic directed the concerned authorities of different countries to look for adequate preparedness in order to fulfill the testing requirements of COVID patients and to get prepared for additional necessities in case of resurgence [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Trend of Various Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Fatalities Reported at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan During 2020"

Shahid

2022

BJSTR

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Objectives: To determine the monthly frequency of different diagnostic measures, therapeutic procedures and mortalities reported at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi during 2020. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional hospital record-based descriptive study was done by securing data from administrators of Benazir Bhutto Hospital pertinent to the number of diagnostic tests done, therapeutic procedures and mortalities reported during 2020. The data analysis was done by Microsoft Excel 2010.Results: Patients visiting the Benazir Bhutto Hospital during 2020 drastically declined from April -July 2020. Diagnostic services including ECG, Echocardiography and X-ray were sufficiently availed by the patients while the utilization of CT scanning and Mammography seemed to be quite less. Usage of diagnostic modalities like Endoscopy and ultrasonography and rehabilitative measures like physiotherapy was also considerably lessened during April-July 2020. Except Gynecology & Obstetrics and surgical procedures, frequency of surgeries related to other specialties was quite reduced. Dialysis services remained accessible to the patients in our public sector tertiary care facility round the year. Mortality abruptly rose in April followed by sudden decline in July 2020. Conclusion:There was sudden diminution of diagnostic as well as therapeutic procedures during mid-2020.healthcare [2]. Provincial and district health departments alone or

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“…The WHO-SPRP includes 144 measures to be considered by health systems, which have been successfully implemented by the eastern Mediterranean, European, north African, and Central American regions to help manage the COVID-19 pandemic (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic review of national documents for COVID-19 could not find any risk communication plans in the first 6 months of the epidemic for Tunisia and France. However, the early involvement of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and the requirement to disseminate health information across numerous channels assisted early risk communication in Germany and Pakistan (7,8).…”

Section: Lessons Learned and Implications To The Stakeholdersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Communication in Early Containment of COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: Implementation of the World Health Organization Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (WHO–SPRP)

Azh

Najafimoghadam

Gorji

et al. 2022

Med. J. Islam. Republ. Iran

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Background: Health systems must have functional and efficient preparedness and response plans to manage pandemics. Moreover, it is essential to adjust to changing circumstances and the dynamic character of pandemics. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (SPRP), emphasizing 144 measures across 10 pillars, helping governments prepare and respond to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to determine how the Iranian health system, based on the WHO-SPRP, addresses strategic preparedness and response plan in the COVID-19 pandemic at the national level.Methods: The WHO-SPRP was adopted and translated into Persian by 2 bilingual natives. The chief of the health office requested that authorized officers complete the SPRP. Then, a meeting was held by officers of related units involved in COVID-19 management to address the SPRP at regional and national levels.Results: Our findings suggest that up to August 2020, effective risk communication and community engagement were not fully established. Our response plan lacked evidence-based information and educational messaging to consistently shape public opinion and impression of a respiratory pandemic. Conclusion:The Iranian health care system and services were almost able to address the SPRP and perform the major indicators that the WHO had proposed. However, special attention should be paid to risk communication and community engagement to empower informed decision-making by individuals and communities.

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Pakistan's COVID-19 Outbreak Preparedness and Response: A Situational Analysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Lessons learnt of the COVID-19 contact tracing strategy in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan using systems thinking processes

Lessons learnt of the COVID-19 contact tracing strategy in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan using systems thinking processes

"Trend of Various Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Fatalities Reported at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan During 2020"

Risk Communication in Early Containment of COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: Implementation of the World Health Organization Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (WHO–SPRP)

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