<scp>S</scp>noring and components of metabolic syndrome in <scp>S</scp>outheastern <scp>C</scp>hinese adults: A community‐based study

Huang, Jian-Chai; Qi, Jia-Chao; Lin, Qi‐Chang; Li, Shuqi; Chen, Gongping; Ding, Haibo; Zhao, Jianming

doi:10.1111/crj.12613

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This study reported a high rate of self-reported snoring (31.1%) at baseline in rural Northeast Chinese. This was higher than most of the previous studies, 14.14% in southeast Chinese in Fujian Province, 15.5% in south Chinese in Guangdong Province [18,19]. As a community-based prospective cohort study, data from our study confirmed that among rural residents, snoring status had closed relationship with the incidence of MetS in both women and men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…There existed an apparently elevated trend based on snoring frequency in the prevalence of metabolic disorders among residents from Southeast China. This association still significant even adjusted for possible confounding factors [22]. Other study have found a relationship between snoring and hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…heart diseases, stroke or even cancer [5][6][7]. MetS is the combination of abdominal obesity, hyperlipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance with a higher risk of cardiovascular events and mortality [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of snoring on in incidence of metabolic syndrome: a community-based prospective cohort study in rural Northeast China

Yu¹,

X²,

G³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is increasing trend of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rural areas of China in recent years. It is necessary to figure out the possible risk factors of MetS for better intervention. This community-based prospective cohort study was performed to assess the relationship between snoring status and incidence of MetS.Methods: We conducted a cohort study among residents aged ≥ 35 years without MetS in 2012-2013. Among 5,691 residents who met the inclusion criteria, 4,980 residents (2,586 men and 2394 women; follow-up proportion: 87.5%) remained available for follow-up examinations during 2015-2017. The main outcome was the incidence of MetS, defined by the unify criteria in 2009. We divided residents by snoring status and compared outcome between groups. Using a logistic regression model, we estimated the odds ratio (OR) for incidence for MetS, adjusting for confounders, ages, gender, exercise habit, sleep duration, alcohol and smoke consumption. Results: With a median follow up of 4.6 years, incidence of MetS was higher in snorers (men 26.2%, women 33.5%) than in non-snorers (men 19.7%, women 23.2%). Diastolic blood pressure increased in follow-up compared with baseline in male snorers but decreased in male non-snorers. Similarly, fast blood glucose level increased in female snorers at follow-up but decreased in female non-snorers. We found a significant association between snoring and incidence of MetS (adjusted OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.32-1.74). Besides, as the degrees of the snoring increased, the incidence of MetS increased simultaneously. And the OR for the very severe snoring was double compared with non-snorers (adjusted OR=2.10, 95%CI=1.38-3.20). Conclusion: Snoring is associated with higher incidence of MetS in rural Northeast Chinese. More emphasis should be paid to residents with snoring problem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Influence of snoring on in incidence of metabolic syndrome: a community-based prospective cohort study in rural Northeast China

Yu¹,

X²,

G³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In 14 studies, there were 11 articles ( 8 , 25 , 26 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 46 , 48 – 51 ) with 299,423 participants in the dose–response meta-analysis, and three ( 26 , 40 , 46 ) studies reported a relationship between snoring and glycometabolism in men and women separately. There was heterogeneity among the 14 dose–response studies (χ 2 = 155.56, p < 0.001); thus, a random effect model was performed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of seven studies from three articles ( 8 , 26 , 37 ), 81,469 participants were included in the dose–response meta-analysis. Huang et al ( 37 ) reported an association between snoring and dyslipidemia (abnormal triglyceride or HDL); Li et al ( 8 ) reported relationships between snoring and high-triglyceride and low-HDL separately, while Kim et al ( 26 ) reported a relationship between snoring and triglyceride and HDL in men and women separately. The χ 2 value for heterogeneity was 106.48 ( p < 0.001); thus, a random effect model was used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Self-Reported Snoring and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Background: Snoring is a common condition. Previous studies have reported the relationships between snoring and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or its five components: hypertension, hyperglycemia, low-high density lipoprotein (low-HDL), high-triglyceride level, and abdominal obesity. However, conclusions have been inconsistent, and there has been no comprehensive summary on this. Therefore, we performed a systematic review on the relationships between snoring and MetS, including each of MetS' components. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted following the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology group and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for publications from inception to 15 July 2020. The inverse-variance weighted method was used in the meta-analysis to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the association between snoring and MetS (and its components) through a fixed or random effect model. A restricted cubic spline regression model and the linear regression model were used in a two-stage dose–response meta-analysis to evaluate the non-linear and the linear trends between snoring frequency and MetS and its components. Results: A total of 40 studies with 966,652 participants were included in this study. The pooled ORs between snoring and MetS and its components, hypertension, hyperglycemia, low-HDL, high-triglyceride level, and abdominal obesity, were 1.61 (95% CI, 1.43–1.78), 1.23 (95% CI, 1.15–1.31), 1.05 (95% CI, 1.04–1.07), 1.09 (95% CI, 1.00–1.18), 1.08 (95% CI, 1.00–1.17), and 1.75 (95% CI, 1.46–2.05), respectively. Non-linear trends were detected in the five associations except for low-HDL. A linear trend was detected in the association of snoring with hypertension, hyperglycemia, low-HDL, or abdominal obesity, with ORs of 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01–1.13), 1.05 (95% CI, 1.02–1.08), 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02–1.04), and 1.17 (95% CI, 1.16–2.89), respectively. Conclusion: Snoring was a risk factor of MetS, and a dose–response relationship existed between the two. Timely intervention in identifying snorers can minimize as much as possible the risk of metabolic syndrome in those who snore.

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Habitual snoring, adiposity measures and risk of type 2 diabetes in 0.5 million Chinese adults: a 10-year cohort

Wei

Zheng

Fan

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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ObjectivesThe present study aimed to examine whether habitual snoring was independently associated with risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults, and to assess the role that adiposity measures play in the snoring–diabetes association, as well as to evaluate the joint influence of snoring and adiposity measures on diabetes.Research design and methodsThe China Kadoorie Biobank study recruited 512 715 adults aged 30–79 years from 10 regions in China during 2004 and 2008. Data from 482 413 participants without baseline diabetes were analyzed in the present study. Autoregressive cross-lagged panel analysis was used to assess the longitudinal relationship between adiposity measures and habitual snoring. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between habitual snoring and diabetes risk.ResultsBoth higher body mass index and waist circumference were associated with higher risks of subsequent habitual snoring, whereas no reverse association was detected. A total of 16 479 type 2 diabetes cases were observed during a 10-year follow-up. Habitual snoring was independently associated with 12% (95% CI 6% to 18%) and 14% (95% CI 9% to 19%) higher risks of diabetes among men and women, respectively. Habitual snorers who had general obesity or central obesity were about twice as likely to develop diabetes as non-snorers at the lowest levels of adiposity measures.ConclusionHabitual snoring was independently associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults. It is important to maintain both a healthy weight and a normal waist circumference to prevent or alleviate habitual snoring and ultimately prevent diabetes among Chinese adults.

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Snoring and components of metabolic syndrome in Southeastern Chinese adults: A community‐based study

Abstract: The prevalence of snoring and components of metabolic syndrome is high in southeastern Chinese adults. Both habitual and occasional snoring are closely associated with metabolic disorders independent of confounding factors.

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of snoring on in incidence of metabolic syndrome: a community-based prospective cohort study in rural Northeast China

Influence of snoring on in incidence of metabolic syndrome: a community-based prospective cohort study in rural Northeast China

Association Between Self-Reported Snoring and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Habitual snoring, adiposity measures and risk of type 2 diabetes in 0.5 million Chinese adults: a 10-year cohort

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