State‐observer based IDD controller for concurrent frequency‐voltage control of a hybrid power system with electric vehicle uncertainties

Abstract

Summary The present paper proposes a novel state‐observer (SO) based integral‐double‐derivative controller for simultaneous frequency‐voltage control operation of a hybrid power system. The hybrid system consists of solar‐thermal, conventional‐thermal, diesel‐plant, and modern day electric vehicle (EV), establishing a concurrent system frequency, voltage, and the corresponding tie‐line power control. In order to exhibit realistic approach, the hybrid system is provided with appropriate system non‐linearities. For the desired performance of the presented hybrid power system, controller gain parameters are optimized by means of a highly effective magnetotactic‐bacteria‐optimization (MBO) technique. The objective function to be minimized is such formulated, resulting in optimized system performance. The reduction of objective function values by 13.6% for the proposed controller is exhibited. Similarly, the demerit index shows a reduction of 25% as compared with other controllers. Sensitivity test pertaining to extensive variations of system parameters from the nominal values confirms the robustness of the optimal controller gains. The proposed control strategy is tested on a more complex three‐area hybrid power system, and the simulation results further validate the effective regulation approach of the optimal controller with a reduction of 12.9% in objective function value. The fact that EVs assist in improving system stability is also demonstrated. An innovative study related to the effects of large penetration of EVs on the system load demand is presented herewith.

Disturbance rejection based fractional order PID controller for system performance improvement of hybrid power system

“…The importance of EVs in enhancing the system stability of a HPS is presented by the authors of References 10 and 22. To examine the influence of EVs on the stability of the established HPS, EVs in area‐1 are detached.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8]10,12,15,16,[19][20][21] However, due to rising complexity, conventional controllers don not achieve desired responses. In this regard, advanced control approaches 22,[28][29][30][31][32][33] are used by authors to overcome the limitations in conventional control strategy. In Reference 28, the authors have proposed a sliding-mode based controlling strategy for frequency control of HPS.…”

“…EVs in a deregulated power system is reported in Reference 21. A recent novel report on importance of EVs in present power system with uncertainties is discussed in Reference 22. The report presented by the authors in Reference 23 have efficiently presented the active participation of EVs in improving the system responses following a disturbance in the system.…”

Power generation control of restructured hybrid power system with FACTS and energy storage devices using optimal cascaded fractional‐order controller

“…In this regard, EVs are proving to be good option in reducing carbon emissions 46 . The widespread use of EVs opens up the possibility of grid frequency control and reduce the conventional generation units power output 47,48 . However, very few research articles are reported on system dynamics control of EV incorporated deregulated power system.…”

Optimal control of electrical vehicle incorporated hybrid power system with second order fractional‐active disturbance rejection controller

“…Renewable based LFC of a hybrid power system and electric cars are outlined in References 33 and 34. The impacts of electric vehicles on system load demand for a multiarea hybrid power system were illustrated by the authors in Reference 35. However, the impact of EV on LFC‐AVR coupled operation requires more investigation.…”