<scp>td</scp>-deletion in British English: New evidence for the long-lost morphological effect

Baranowski, Maciej; Turton, Danielle

doi:10.1017/s0954394520000034

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Firstly, the model included the maximal random effects structure. Secondly, the random effects structure was iteratively simplified until the model converged (Baranowski and Turton 2020;Bates Douglas et al 2015). The example below shows the R code for the Mold Welsh model containing the maximal random effects structure: VARIANT~HOME LANGUAGE (HL) + TASK + STRESS + GENDER + CONTEXT + SYLLABLES + HL:TASK + HL:GENDER + GENDER:TASK + CONTEXT:STRESS + (1 + TASK + CONTEXT + STRESS + CONTEXT:STRESS|SPEAKER) + (1|WORD)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Influences on Phonological Transfer: /r/ Variation in the Repertoire of Welsh-English Bilinguals

Morris

2021

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It is well known that cross-linguistic interactions can exist between the two languages in a bilingual speaker’s repertoire. At the level of phonetics and phonology, this interaction may result in the transfer of a feature from one language to the other or the ‘merging’ of phonetic properties between languages. Although there are numerous studies of bilingual speakers which show such interactions, relatively little is known about the nature of transfer in communities of long-term bilingualism. The current study investigates phonological transfer of /r/ in Welsh-English bilinguals’ speech in north Wales. Specifically, it compares the influence of speaker gender, home language, and speech context on the production of /r/ in both English and Welsh in two communities which differ in the extent to which Welsh is spoken as a community language. It is commonly assumed that the alveolar trill [r] and alveolar tap [ɾ] are the variants of /r/ in Welsh. In English, the alveolar approximant [ɹ] is typical across Wales, but the trill and tap are reported in areas where a high proportion of the population speaks Welsh. Data in both languages were collected from 32 Welsh-English bilinguals (aged 16–18) via sociolinguistic interview and wordlist tasks. The sample was stratified equally by speaker gender, home language, and area (predominantly Welsh-speaking vs. predominantly English-speaking). The results show areal differences in the production of /r/ in both languages, which, I argue, could be attributed partly to differing social structures in the communities under investigation. Consequently, the results showed evidence of bi-directional phonological transfer, which is community-specific and influenced by a number of social factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Influences on Phonological Transfer: /r/ Variation in the Repertoire of Welsh-English Bilinguals

Morris

2021

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“…Guy (1991b, p. 2) also focuses on word-final /t, d/ deletion in American English and gives a more detailed conclusion: "underived or monomorphemic words such as mist, pact, undergo deletion at a higher rate than inflected forms such as past tense verbs like missed, packed" (see also Labov et al, 1968;Fasold, 1972;Guy, 1991a). Baranowski and Turton (2020) report a result similar to Guy (1991b) for word-final /t, d/ deletion in British English.…”

Section: Exceptions Vs Non-exceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blevins and Lynch (2009, p. 111) claim that the sound change discussed in Crowley (1997) applies to all word classes including verbs, but "phonological and morphological aspects of verbal inflectional paradigms" restore the change in verbs later and give rise to "the apparent exceptionality." Renwick et al (2014) also focus on word-final /t, d/ deletion in British English as Guy (1991b) and Baranowski and Turton (2020), but they (2014) claim that their results show little support for the role of any specific morphological condition.…”

Section: Disputes Over Morphological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated in Section 2.1.1, Donohue (2005) claims sound change advances in bound grammatical morphemes more completely than in free lexemes. Bybee (2002), Guy (1991b), Baranowski and Turton (2020), among others, claim that bound morphemes can affect /t, d/ deletion in English. Thus, the factor of morphosyntactic structure with two levels free and bound was constructed to test whether the morphosyntactic structure has a role in the sound change.…”

Section: Factors and Factor Levels In Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceptions vs. Non-exceptions in Sound Changes: Morphological Condition and Frequency

2022

ALA

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This paper takes an approach different from most previous studies by firstly comparing exceptions with non-exceptions in the diphthongization of [i] to [ei] in Mandarin (AD 1324–Present) to locate factors that explain exceptions. Then it focuses solely on non-exceptional morphemes in this process by comparing morphemes at the forefront of this process with those undergoing it later to examine factors to explain morphemes leading this sound change. Statistical analysis shows that morphemes with the highest frequency among all related morphemes tend to be exceptions to diphthongization of [i] to [ei], and morphemes with high frequency among those non-exceptional morphemes tend to undergo this process earlier. In addition, the factor of frequency change, a proposal of this paper, is statistically significantly correlated with morphemes that lead diphthongization. The morphological condition has been rejected as statistically significant both for explaining exceptions to sound change and leading morphemes in sound change.

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“…3 Despite the robustness of this effect in varieties of American English, it has been claimed to be absent in British English (see Tagliamonte & Temple 2005, Temple 2009 on York English). There is recent evidence to suggest that this effect is present in Manchester English, but that it plays a much smaller role compared to the variation in American English and as such is only detectable in largescale corpora (Baranowski & Turton 2020). 4 Alternatively, the intermediate deletion rates in semi-weak items could reflect inter-speaker variation with respect to their representation: Guy & Boyd (1990) argue that age-grading within this class of items suggests that younger speakers are less likely to parse the /t/ of kept as a separate morph.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insertion and deletion in Northern English (ng): Interacting innovations in the life cycle of phonological processes

Bailey

2020

J. Ling.

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In north-western varieties of British English the historical process of ng-coalescence that simplified nasal + stop clusters in words like wrong and singer never ran to completion, with surface variation between [ŋ] and [ŋɡ] remaining to this day. This paper presents an empirical study of this synchronic variation, specifically to test predictions made by the life cycle of phonological processes; a diachronic account of /ɡ/-deletion has been proposed under this framework, but crucially the life cycle makes hitherto-untested predictions regarding the synchronic behaviour of (ng) in north-west England. Data from 30 sociolinguistic interviews indicate that these predictions are largely met: internal constraints on the variable are almost entirely accounted for by assuming cyclic application of /ɡ/-deletion across a stratified phonology. There is also evidence of apparent time change in the pre-pausal environment, which is becoming increasingly [ɡ]-favouring contrary to the life cycle’s predictions. It is argued that this reflects a separate innovation in the life cycle of (ng), with synchronic variation reflecting two processes: (i) the original deletion, overlaid with (ii) a prosodically-conditioned insertion process. These results have implications for theories of language change and the architecture of grammar and add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the effect of pause on probabilistic phenomena can be synchronically variable and diachronically unstable.

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td-deletion in British English: New evidence for the long-lost morphological effect

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Social Influences on Phonological Transfer: /r/ Variation in the Repertoire of Welsh-English Bilinguals

Social Influences on Phonological Transfer: /r/ Variation in the Repertoire of Welsh-English Bilinguals

Exceptions vs. Non-exceptions in Sound Changes: Morphological Condition and Frequency

Insertion and deletion in Northern English (ng): Interacting innovations in the life cycle of phonological processes

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