UHCandCOFormation and Models

Abstract

This chapter presents an introduction to understanding the origins of emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide from internal combustion engines, followed by a short review of the methods of modeling the formation of those pollutants. These methods range from simple thermodynamics models involving chemical equilibria through chemical kinetics of reactions to detailed chemistry of reactions, particularly for hydrocarbons. In the latter case, simplified reaction schemes are particularly important. Experimental methods of measuring engine‐out emissions are introduced, with emphasis on determining the individual chemical species in engine‐out emissions of hydrocarbons, particularly for the noxious and toxic aromatic and poly‐aromatic hydrocarbons and carbonyls.