Scrambling with matrix black holes

Abstract

If black holes are not to be dreaded sinks of information but rather fully described by unitary evolution, they must scramble in-falling data and eventually leak it through Hawking radiation. Sekino and Susskind have conjectured that black holes are fast scramblers; they generate entanglement at a remarkably efficient rate, with the characteristic time scaling logarithmically with the entropy. In this work, we focus on Matrix theory-M-theory in the light-cone frame-and directly probe the conjecture. We develop a concrete test bed for quantum gravity using the fermionic variables of Matrix theory and show that the problem becomes that of chains of qubits with an intricate network of interactions. We demonstrate that the black hole system evolves much like a Brownian quantum circuit, with strong indications that it is indeed a fast scrambler. We also analyze the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase model and reach the same tentative conclusion.

Black hole collapse and democratic models

“…For the same reasons they nicely connect with the model of black hole dynamics proposed in [12]. Finally, from a different perspective, we also expect our results to contribute to the understanding of the connection between geometry and entanglement (see [13][14][15][16] and references therein).…”

“…Lastly, we hope that the relation between horizon area, quasinormal ringing and entanglement dynamics uncovered in this article will contribute to a better understanding of the puzzle of deriving geometry from the properties of entanglement (see [13][14][15][16] and references therein). Potentially, it might also be of interest to approaches of emergent general relativity based on entropy densities of holographic screens [31,32].…”

Mass of a Black Hole Firewall

“…This phenomenon has been called a "firewall," and firewalls were supposed to be present both in stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. While the presence of a firewall is subject to an ongoing controversy (e.g., [3]), the internal contradiction of the set of three assumptions seems to be real and supported by detailed calculations in [1] and numerous other papers (e.g., [4] and references therein).…”

Membrane paradigm, gravitational Θ-term and gauge/gravity duality

“…This unusual process is known as "fast-scrambling" and it strongly suggests that the microscopic description of fast-scrambling on black hole horizons must involve non-local degrees of freedom [10,11]. It is now well known that non-locality is indeed essential for fast scrambling [44][45][46][47][48] which is also supported by the observation that non-local interactions can enhance the level of entanglement among different degrees of freedom [51][52][53].…”