Scratch and Wear Behaviour of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer’s Lactate Solution

Abstract

Cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloy is a material recommended for biomedical implants; however, to be suitable for this application, it should have good tribological properties, which are related to grain size. This paper investigates the tribological behaviour of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy produced using investment casting, together with electromagnetic stirring, to reduce its grain size. The samples were subjected to wear and scratch tests in simulated body fluid (Ringer’s lactate solution). Since a reduction in grain size can influence the behaviour of the material, in terms of resistance and tribological response, four samples with different grain sizes were produced for use in our investigation of the behaviour of the alloy, in which we considered the friction coefficient, wear, and scratch resistance. The experiments were performed using a tribometer, with mean values for the friction coefficient, normal load, and tangential force acquired and recorded by the software. Spheres of Ti-6Al-4V and 316L steel were used as counterface materials. In addition, to elucidate the influence of grain size on the mechanical properties of the alloy, observations were conducted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results showed changes in the structure, with a reduction in grain size from 5.51 to 0.79 mm. Using both spheres, the best results for the friction coefficient and wear volume corresponded to the sample with the smallest grain size of 0.79 mm. The friction coefficients obtained were 0.37 and 0.45, using the Ti-6Al-4V and 316L spheres, respectively. These results confirm that the best surface finish for Co-Cr-Mo alloy used as a biomedical implant is one with a smaller grain size, since this results in a lower friction coefficient and low wear.

Optimizing laser cladding powder injection parameters to shape bioactive glass nano-coated zirconium oxide for biomedical application

“…reported that micro hardness of knee bone implant material of Lithography-based ceramic recorded as 559 ± 27 HV. The proposed laser cladded sample specimen for knee bone achieved 898.37 HV [ 49 ]. reported that the alternate material of Cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy for knee bone implant recorded the wear volume as 0.79 mm.…”

Adherence of p-Terphenyl (PTP) film on the dichroic filter used for the X-ARAPUCA device

“…The mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of a material are profoundly influenced by both external and internal surface characteristics. Investigating properties such as morphology, crystalline structure, and chemical composition provides insights into the intrinsic qualities of a thin film, thereby shaping its potential for technological applications [6][7][8][9][10]. By manipulating substrate cleaning conditions and deposition parameters in the evaporation chamber, the mentioned parameters can be altered.…”

“…By manipulating substrate cleaning conditions and deposition parameters in the evaporation chamber, the mentioned parameters can be altered. Understanding and characterizing the factors influencing PTP adherence to the filter is a crucial step in optimizing coating and cleaning processes to enhance film durability and efficiency [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Wear Rate, Tribo-Corrosion, and Plastic Deformation Values of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy in Ringer Lactate Solution

“…Thus, changes in the microstructure can affect the mechanical properties. However, microstructure and alloy composition affect corrosion behaviour in simulated body fluids due to changes in surface chemistry [12][13][14][15][16].…”