Screen and Virtual Reality-Based Testing of Contrast Sensitivity

Vivas-Mateos, Guillermo; Boswell, Sarah A.; Livingstone, Iain A. T.; Delafield‐Butt, Jonathan; Giardini, Mario

doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175595

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The in-office Pelli-Robson test was conducted at a controlled distance of 3 m, as originally recommended by Pelli et al 19 For participants in the diseased cohort, the test was conducted at 1 m simply for the participants' convenience, given the interchangeability of Pelli-Robson results at either distance 20 and in an attempt to avoid confounds due to poor acuity associated with certain diseases. Participants were asked to block the eye not being examined with the palm of their hand.…”

Section: Virtual Reality Test Design and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical report: Virtual reality enables comparable contrast sensitivity measurements to in-office testing (pilot study)

Cheng,

Serafini,

Labkovich

et al. 2024

Optom Vis Sci

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SIGNIFICANCE Vision health disparities largely stem from inaccessibility to vision specialists. To improve patient access to vision tests and to expedite clinical workflows, it is important to assess the viability of virtual reality (VR) as a modality for evaluating contrast sensitivity. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the validity of a VR version of the Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity test by comparing its results with those of the corresponding in-office test. METHODS Twenty-eight participants (mean ± standard deviation age, 37.3 ± 20.5 years) with corrected vision were recruited for testing on a voluntary basis with randomized administration of the in-office test followed by the VR analog or vice versa. Nineteen participants took each test twice to assess test-retest consistency in each modality. Virtual reality tests were conducted on a commercial Pico Neo Eye 2 VR headset, which has a 4K screen resolution. The environment for both tests was controlled by the participant for location and lighting. RESULTS Similar sensitivity scores were obtained between testing modalities in both the right (n = 28 participants; Wilcoxon match-paired signed rank [SR], p=0.7) and left eyes (n = 28 participants; Wilcoxon match-paired SR, p=0.7). In addition, similar test-retest scores were found for VR (n = 19 participants; Wilcoxon match-paired SR, p=1.0) or in-office (n = 19 participants; Wilcoxon match-paired SR, p=1.0) tests. Virtual reality Pelli-Robson results correlated well with in-office test results in variably diseased participants (n = 14 eyes from 7 participants, R 2 = 0.93, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In this pilot trial, we demonstrated that VR Pelli-Robson measurements of corrected vision align with those of in-office modalities, suggesting that this may be a reliable method of implementing this test in a more interactive and accessible manner.

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Section: Virtual Reality Test Design and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical report: Virtual reality enables comparable contrast sensitivity measurements to in-office testing (pilot study)

Cheng,

Serafini,

Labkovich

et al. 2024

Optom Vis Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We know that the contrast sensitivity of observers using an HMD is poorer than in a real environment (Sproule et al, 2019). Due to a limited range of displayed luminance (Ledda et al, 2004), chromatic aberrations, and insufficient resolution, it has been concluded that VR technology is not able to reproduce standard contrast sensitivity testing (Vivas-Mateos et al, 2020). Still, we can reasonably expect the contrast range offered in current HMDs to be sufficient to let its user feel present in a virtual environment.…”

Section: Light and Contrast Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Hébert-Lavoie

Doyon-Poulin

Ozell

2020

PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality

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We consider that to objectively measure immersion, one needs to assess how each sensory quality is reproduced in a virtual environment. In this perspective, we introduce the concept of functional threshold which corresponds to the value at which a sensory quality can be degraded without being noticed by the user of a virtual environment. We suggest that the perceived realism of a virtual experience can potentially be evoked for sensory qualities values ranging from the perceptual threshold to the functional threshold. Thus, the identification of functional thresholds values allows us to constrain immersion. To lay the foundation for the identification of functional thresholds, we applied a modified version of the method of limits. We measured the value at which 30 participants were able to identify the degradation of their field of view (FOV), visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity while executing a multi-directional selection test. This enabled us to identify functional perceptual thresholds of 96.6 degrees for FOV, 12.2 arcmin for visual acuity, and 25.6% for contrast sensitivity.

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Features of contrast sensitivity in patients with age-related cataracts

Kochuhur,

Zhaboyedov

2024

USMYJ

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аge-related cataracts are a common ophthalmological condition characterised by clouding of the lens of the eye. This leads to reduced visual acuity, blurred images, and impaired colour perception. To assess the need for cataract surgery, it is important to evaluate contrast sensitivity, which shows a person's ability to distinguish small details that differ in brightness. The development of accurate and effective methods for the diagnosis and treatment of cataracts is an urgent scientific and practical problem. The aim of the study is to determine the diagnostic value of contrast sensitivity in patients with age-related cataracts by comparing two methods of its study. The study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Bogomolets National Medical University on the basis of St. Michael's Clinical Hospital in Kyiv and the Medical Ophthalmological Centre ‘Zir 100%’. The study included 100 patients (100 eyes) aged 45 to 75 years diagnosed with age-related cataracts and undergoing phacoemulsification surgery with IOL implantation. The study involved 55 women and 45 men. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 - 50 patients (50 eyes) who underwent contrast sensitivity measurement using the Pelli-Robson table, Group 2 - 50 patients (50 eyes) who underwent Clinic CSF Contrast Sensitivity test. To participate in the study, all participants had to sign an informed consent. Measurements were performed 1 day before surgery and 7 days and 1 month after surgery. According to the results of the study, the comparison of contrast sensitivity between men and women did not reveal a statistically significant difference when using both methods (p=0.5). This indicates that gender is not a determining factor in the change in contrast sensitivity within the study sample. Regardless of the method of measurement, the average values of contrast sensitivity in men and women are similar, which confirms the absence of sex dependence in the functional results of the visual system by this parameter. The analysis of the results of the two methods of measuring contrast sensitivity showed that the Clinic CSF Contrast Sensitivity test demonstrates statistically higher results compared to the Pelli-Robson table (p value < 0.05). This may be due to the more accurate and sensitive measurement methods used in digital devices, which can better reflect subtle changes in contrast sensitivity. Therefore, the Clinic CSF Contrast Sensitivity test may provide a more sensitive assessment of contrast sensitivity, making it a more effective tool in clinical practice for assessing functional vision.

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Screen and Virtual Reality-Based Testing of Contrast Sensitivity

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Clinical report: Virtual reality enables comparable contrast sensitivity measurements to in-office testing (pilot study)

Clinical report: Virtual reality enables comparable contrast sensitivity measurements to in-office testing (pilot study)

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Features of contrast sensitivity in patients with age-related cataracts

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