“…Classical methods such as refractometry (Pen'kovskii et al, 2004) or densitometry (Bavcar & Kosmerl, 2003) of the distilled samples, as well as gas chromatography (Schmitt & Aderjan, 2004) which are routinely used in in clinics and industry are time-and labour-consuming procedures. In order to replace these methods, a variety of enzymatic and biosensor approaches were developed based on alcohol-specific enzymes isolated from different microbial species: NAD + -dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (Ivanova et al, 2003;Gautier et al, 1990), quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase (Niculescu et al, 2002), or alcohol oxidase (Gibson et al, 1992;Gonchar et al, 2001Patel et al, 2001) were proposed and applied for the determination of ethanol in complex samples. Alcohol biosensors based on NAD + -dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) usually exhibit high selectivity, however, due to the need to add the coenzyme NAD + to the sample, ethanol determination is quite expensive using these types of biosensors.…”