Screening and confirmation of chloramphenicol in shrimp tissue using ELISA in combination with GC–MS2 and LC–MS2

Electrochemical Analysis of Chloramphenicol Using Boron-doped Diamond Electrode Applied to a Flow-Injection System

“…It is produced naturally by the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae, but is presently mainly produced by chemical synthesis. [1][2][3] Chloramphenicol is currently used in ophthalmic solutions to treat superficial ocular infections, in topical ointments to treat the external ear or skin, in various tablets for oral administration and in intravenous suspensions to treat internal infections. 1 Moreover, it has been used in veterinary practice for prevention and treatment of many bacterial infections because of its efficiency, easy availability and low cost.…”

“…1,6 No maximum residue limit (MRL) of chloramphenicol in animalderived food has been established, because its toxic effects are not dose-dependent, but rather related to the hypersensitivity of certain individuals. 7 Several analytical methods have been reported for the determination of chloramphenicol in various samples, such as shrimp, 3,[8][9][10][11] seafood, meat, 7,12-15 eggs, 13 milk, 4,13 honey, 12,13,15 animal feeds, 5 urine, serum [14][15][16] and pharmaceutical formulations [17][18][19][20][21][22] based on liquid chromatography (LC), 5,12 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), 3,[7][8][9][10][11]14,15 gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 3,12,14 capillary zone electrophoresis, 16,17 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 3,13 spectrophotometry, 18,19 and chemiluminescence. [20][21]…”

ELISA validation and determination of cut-off level for chloramphenicol (CAP) residues in shrimp and fish

“…Presence of anti-microbial drug residues in the edible tissues can cause allergies, toxic effects, alteration in the intestinal microbial fauna and acquisition of drug-resistance. Residues of chloramphenicol in food consumed by humans can even result in a plastic anemia, which leads to very serious bone marrow diseases and a syndrome of cyanosis and cardiovascular collapse known as "grey syndrome" may also occur, particularly in neonates (Impens et al, 2003).…”

“…Several analytical methods are employed in the quantitative detection of chloramphenicol in seafood's by using swab tests, instrumental methods (HPLC and GC-MS) and immunoassays (RIA, CLIA, ELISA, etc.) (Impens et al, 2003). Chromatographic techniques such as GC and HPLC offer great sensitivity of the detection.…”

Preliminary investigation of chloramphenicol in fish, water and sediment from freshwater aquaculture pond

“…Although CAP is extensively metabolised by aquatic animals, residues left in the body and direct contamination of the environment may still be a concern. There are several recently published analytical methods for determination of CAP in various food matrixes, such as honey (Chen et al, 2009), milk (Ronning et al, 2006;Rodziewicz and Zawadzka, 2008), equine, porcine (Gantverg et al, 2003), shrimp (Impens et al, 2003), chicken, beef and fish muscle (Takino et al, 2003;Gikas et al, 2004;Santos et al, 2005), and so on, but few reporting on the concentration of CAP in the sediment, water and fish from the same freshwater aquaculture pond. In this study, the contents of CAP in sediment, water and fish from a freshwater aquaculture pond were investigated.…”