Screening and diagnostic assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in a male prison

McCarthy, Jane; Chaplin, Eddie; Underwood, Lisa; Forrester, Andrew; Hayward, Hannah; Sabet, Jessica; Young, Susan; Asherson, Philip; Mills, Richard; Murphy, Declan

doi:10.1108/jidob-08-2015-0018

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Studies were inconsistent and sometimes unclear in reporting demographics and co-occurring conditions of the whole sample and the identified autistic subsample, making comparison of participant characteristics across studies difficult. Most studies involved male-majority ( n = 9, >60% male) or equal-gender ( n = 5) whole samples ( n = 4 not stated), with one study using a male-only sample (McCarthy et al, 2015). The identified autistic subsample tended to be male-majority ( n = 16, n = 2 not stated).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Autism prevalence is elevated in several other populations, though studies investigating these groups tended to have smaller sample sizes and lower quality scores as a result. Studies of prisoners estimated autism prevalence to be 3%–5% (Enayati et al, 2008; McCarthy et al, 2015), with higher prevalence in male arsonists (Enayati et al, 2008). Pinto-Martin et al (2011) reported a 5% autism prevalence in a cohort of young adults with low birth weight.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review

Huang

Arnold

Foley

et al. 2020

Autism

151

123

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More adults are undergoing autism assessment due to recent changes in awareness, diagnostic criteria and professional practices. This scoping review aimed to summarise research on autism diagnosis in adulthood and identify any gaps for future study. The authors searched for studies involving first-time assessment and diagnosis of autism in adults, which identified 82 studies from 13 countries using various methodologies. Six themes of (1) prevalence, (2) diagnostic pathways and processes, (3) gender, (4) psychosocial characteristics, (5) co-occurring conditions and (6) experiences of diagnosis were identified across the studies. Findings suggest that receiving an autism diagnosis has a significant emotional impact on adults, but accessibility and processes are inconsistent, and formal support services are lacking. More research is needed on autism diagnosis in adults with intellectual disability, consequences of the timing of diagnosis, and support after diagnosis. Lay abstract More adults are getting assessed for possible autism. Here, we give an overview on what is already known about autism diagnosis in adulthood and find areas that need more research. We divided results from the studies we found into six topics of (1) rates of autism in different groups; (2) the process of getting an autism diagnosis in adulthood; (3) gender; (4) personality traits, abilities and behaviours of diagnosed adults; (5) mental and physical health conditions that occur together with autism; and (6) how adults think and feel about being assessed and diagnosed. We found that adults often have strong emotions after being diagnosed, the process of getting a diagnosis can be unclear and different for everyone, and not many support services are available for adults. More research on diagnosing adults with intellectual disability, differences between early and late-diagnosed adults, and support after diagnosis would be useful.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review

Huang

Arnold

Foley

et al. 2020

Autism

151

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The screening tool has been applied in several studies in GB during the last few years [12]- [14] with adequate validity in contrast to findings from the present study. The usefulness of the LDSQ in a Norwegian setting does not seem to be as good, and is thus not recommended until after it has been examined further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Selective Samples and the Accuracy of Screening for Intellectual Disabilities: Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire

Bjørgen¹,

Gimse²,

Søndenaa³

2016

JSS

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The Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire (LDSQ) was developed primarily to provide a short and effective screening instrument to indicate possible intellectual disability amongst persons who come in contact with the service system. This study examined the validity of the Norwegian version of LDSQ in a sample of 35 subjects. All participants were outpatients referred for neuropsychological examinations. WAIS-III full-scale score was used for criterion validity. At a stated cut-off score of 46.6%, LDSQ showed several false negatives and false positives but no true positives. This raises the question of whether this test represents a valid screening instrument for learning disabilities in a clinical sample.

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“…The LDSQ was specifically designed to be used this way, without the need for a specific professional qualification, background or training. One of the suggested reasons for delayed identification of many people with an intellectual disability is that diagnosis requires assessment by specialist staff (McCarthy et al, ), specifically by an appropriately qualified applied psychologist (British Psychological Society, ). In addition, the diagnostic process can be time‐consuming (Winters, Collett, & Myers, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of an adult intellectual disability screening questionnaire on service providers and users

McKenzie

Murray

et al. 2019

Research Intellect Disabil

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Background:One contributor to the health inequalities that people with an intellectual disability face is failure to identify their intellectual disability. The Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire (LDSQ) can identify adults who are likely to have an intellectual disability, but little is known about its impact. Methods:A modified Delphi approach (literature search, interviews with staff and those using services [n = 28], and completion of an online survey by professionals [n = 29]) was used to develop a framework to evaluate the impact of the LDSQ.Results: Items endorsed by 60% or more of respondents (9/18) were included in the final framework. These all related to benefits of the LDSQ, including identifying people not previously known to have an intellectual disability; helping prioritize diagnostic assessment; informing support needs; and helping increase wellbeing and life chances. Conclusion:The LDSQ may offer one way of helping address the health inequalities that people with an intellectual disability face. K E Y W O R D Sevaluation, impact, inequality, learning disability screening questionnaire

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Screening and diagnostic assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in a male prison

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review

Selective Samples and the Accuracy of Screening for Intellectual Disabilities: Learning Disability Screening Questionnaire

The impact of an adult intellectual disability screening questionnaire on service providers and users

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