Screening and health risk of organic micropollutants in rural groundwater of Liaodong Peninsula, China

Li, Xuehua; Shang, Xiaochen; Luo, Tingwei; Du, Xiaoqiang; Wang, Ya; Xie, Qing; Matsuura, Naoki; Chen, Jingwen; Kadokami, Kiwao

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.070

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Phosphate buffer (monopotassium phosphate-potassium hydroxide,

, pH 7.0) was added to a

water sample to adjust the pH to 7 ( Li et al. 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Health Risks of Organic Micro-Pollutants and Metals in Groundwater of Chinese Rural Areas

Tian

Shang

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Groundwater is a main drinking-water source for Chinese rural residents. The overall pollution status of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and metals in the groundwater and corresponding health risks are unknown. Objectives: Our objective was to comprehensively screen for and assess the health risks of OMPs and metals in groundwater of rural areas in China where groundwater is used for drinking so as to provide a benchmark for monitoring and improving groundwater quality in future developments. Methods: One hundred sixty-six groundwater samples were collected in the rural areas of China, and 1,300 OMPs and 25 metals were screened by GC-MS, LC-QTOF/MS, and ICP-MS analysis. To assess the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the detected pollutants, missing toxicity threshold values were extrapolated from existing databases or predicted by quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models. Monte Carlo simulation was performed to account for uncertainties in the exposure parameters and toxicity thresholds. Results: Two hundred thirty-three OMPs and 25 metals were detected from the 166 samples. The concentration summation for the detected OMPs ranged from 2.9 to among the different sampling sites. Cumulative noncarcinogenic risks for the OMPs were estimated to be negligible. However, high metal risks were calculated in 23% of the sites. Forty-two carcinogens (including 38 OMPs) were identified and the cumulative carcinogenic risks in 34% of the sites were calculated to be (i.e., one excess cancer case in a population of 10 thousand people). The carcinogenic risks were estimated to be mainly associated with exposures to the metals, which were calculated to contribute 79% (0–100%) of the cumulative carcinogenic risks. Discussion: The overall status of OMPs and metals pollution in the groundwater and the corresponding health risks were determined preliminarily, which may provide a benchmark for future efforts in China to ensure the safety of drinking water for the local residents in rural areas. The joint application of QSARs and Monte Carlo simulation provided a feasible way to comprehensively assess the health risks of the large and ever-increasing number of pollutants detected in the aquatic environment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6483

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“…Phosphate buffer (monopotassium phosphate-potassium hydroxide,

, pH 7.0) was added to a

water sample to adjust the pH to 7 ( Li et al. 2016 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Health Risks of Organic Micro-Pollutants and Metals in Groundwater of Chinese Rural Areas

Tian

Shang

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Occasional intake is in trace amounts, so this study mainly evaluated the harm caused by organic pollutants entering the human body in pond water through direct ingestion and dermal absorption. The exposure doses were calculated using Equations (1) and (2), respectively, which were obtained from the USEPA [34,36]:Di=Cw×IR×EF×EDBW×AT Dd=Cw×Kp×SA×ET×EF×EDBW×ATwhere Di (mg/kg·day) is the intake dose from the ingested water; Dd (mg/kg·day) is intake dose from dermal absorption; Cw (mg/L) is the average concentration of organic pollutants in water; IR (L/day) is the ingestion rate (2 L/d); EF (day/year) is the exposure frequency (365 days/years); ED (year) is the exposure duration (70 years [37]); BW (kg) is the average body weight (for Chinese adults, the BW value is 60 kg [4]); AT (day) is the averaged time (70 years × 365 days/years); SA (cm 2 ) is the exposed skin surface area (16,000 cm 2 [26]); ET (hours/day) is the exposure time (0.2 h/day [37]); and Kp (cm/h) is the dermal permeability constant. It is necessary to understand the fact that the real exposure frequency of humans to organic pollutants following the above two exposure pathways will not be 365 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the noncarcinogenic hazard index ( HI ) is less than 1, it is considered that there is no risk; when the HI is greater than 1, it indicates that there is a considerable hazard. For carcinogenic risk, a risk value lower than 10 −6 is considered acceptable, a risk value between 10 −6 and 10 −4 represents a certain degree of risk but is acceptable [26], and a risk value exceeding 10 −4 indicates a significant risk for local residents [4].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method for human health risk assessment recommended by the USEPA has been applied to determine the potential adverse effects posed on humans by pollutants [24,25], but the hazards posed by chemical mixtures are challenging to evaluate because the toxicity pathways of many chemicals are not known. Considering the worst cases, some studies have calculated the sum of hazard quotients for each compound, to estimate the combined risks of mixture components [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have mainly focused on the distribution and health risk assessment of SVOCs in the main surface water basins, groundwater, and drinking water of China [4,5,23,26,28,29]. However, the pollutant profiles of rural pond water have been ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Semi-Volatile Organic Contaminants in Rural Pond Water of Hebei Province

Liu

Rao

Wang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Pond water as surface water has certain environmental impacts on environmental media such as groundwater, lakes, atmosphere, and soil. Organic pollutants present in pond water may pose health risks to humans, but research on organic pollutants in pond water is rare. Here, taking pond water collected in rural areas of Hebei province as the sample, we analyzed and evaluated four categories of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including 11 phenolic compounds, 7 aniline compounds, 16 parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 14 PAH derivatives, and 16 phthalate esters (PAEs). The results show that the 10 water samples contained 26.2–17034 ng/L of Σ phenols, 33.7–2612 ng/L of Σ anilines, 33.9–1651 ng/L of Σ PAHs, and 59.0–2800 ng/L of Σ PAEs. Furthermore, non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk caused by SVOCs through direct ingestion and dermal exposure were also assessed. The current levels of non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks through these two means of exposure are within acceptable limits, except for the site 1 and site 5 in Hebei province where a total cancer risk exceeds 10−6. It can be concluded that the pond water studied had a low risk of carcinogenicity to the human.

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Toxic Organic Micropollutants and Associated Health Impacts

Ijaz

Ahmed

Ahmad

2022

Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies

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Screening and health risk of organic micropollutants in rural groundwater of Liaodong Peninsula, China

Cited by 63 publications

References 63 publications

Occurrence and Health Risks of Organic Micro-Pollutants and Metals in Groundwater of Chinese Rural Areas

Occurrence and Health Risks of Organic Micro-Pollutants and Metals in Groundwater of Chinese Rural Areas

Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Semi-Volatile Organic Contaminants in Rural Pond Water of Hebei Province

Toxic Organic Micropollutants and Associated Health Impacts

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