Screening and speciation of heavy metal contaminated soil from an automobile spare-parts market

Abstract

The contributions of automobile spare-parts market activities to heavy metals burden and the forms in which some of these metals exist in the soil environment were assessed. Total values of 150.0 mgykg lead, 98.7 mgykg copper, 5.0 mgykg cadmium, 250.3 mgykg manganese, and 14.0 mgykg nickel were obtained on screening the soil in an automobile spare-parts market. Only lead, cadmium and copper were above threshold values and were consequently speciated. Upon speciating, 6.2% lead, 25.7% copper and 52.0% cadmium were potentially bioavailable.

Trace metals distribution in different geochemical phases of soils around automobile junk markets in southern Nigeria

“…The next significant fraction was Fe-Mn oxide with an average of 20.25%. This is closely in agreement with 20.7% reported by Asagba et al, (2007). The remaining proportion of lead appeared almost evenly associated with exchangeable, carbonate and residual phases with 18.71%, 18.73% and 18.21% respectively.…”

“…This result is in agreement with those reported by Helali et al, (2013); Woszczyk and Spychalsk (2013), Ogubanjo et al, (2016). The proportion of organic matter associated with lead obtained in this study is higher than those reported by Osakwe et al, (2012), Ibrahim et al, (2013) but lower than those reported by Asagba et al,(2007), Li and Thornton (2001). LopezSanchezet al,(1996) suggested that lead is usually associated with organic fraction because it forms stable complex with the organic matter.…”

“…Asagba et al, (2007) reported an average of 25.8% while Osakwe et al(2012) and Kumar et al (2014) reported 10.88% and 9.50% of copper contents respectively in this phase. Studies have shown that this fraction sequestrates metals in the environment (Nachtegaal andSparks, 2004, Asagba et al, 2007).…”

“…In these markets, vehicles are dismantled, and solid waste are generated and discharged. Other activities include fossil fuel combustion, waste incineration, spray painting scrapping of vehicles, disposal of petroleum by-products etc (Asagba et al, 2007). All these activities constitute possible sources of environmental contamination by trace metals.…”

Evaluation of Inorganic Fractions of Arsenic in Relation to Soil Properties in Affected Areas of West Bengal, India

“…The amount of plant available arsenic is very limited compared to the total arsenic content in soil 8 . Thus, the total concentration of As in soil may be a good indicator of the degree and extent of contamination but is insufficient for evaluation of its environmental impact without considering the speciation 9 . Therefore, the fractionation of different forms of arsenic from soil using sequential extraction protocol was used to assess the abundance of the different forms in which arsenic is associated in order to estimate the distribution and bioavailability of arsenic.…”