Screening for Colorectal Cancer

Montminy, Eric M.; Jang, Albert; Conner, Michael W.; Karlitz, Jordan J.

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2020.08.004

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Surgical excision of localized disease is currently the only effective management strategy being employed against this heterogeneous population of cells [2]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapies that can target this unique population of CCSCs [1][2][3][4][5]. In order to design completely effective treatment strategies to fight colon cancer, it is imperative to understand the biology of CCSCs and their interactions with the TME.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The progression of normal colorectal mucosa to adenoma to adenocarcinoma has been well defined, with initiating mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor gene (APC) and/or the DNA mismatch repair gene (MMR) [3]. Early-stage adenomas will progress to more advanced stages if mutations such as the K-Ras gene (KRAS) are expressed [4]. Consequently, loss of function of other apoptotic and regulatory genes may accrue, leading to more invasive adenocarcinomas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, loss of function of other apoptotic and regulatory genes may accrue, leading to more invasive adenocarcinomas. It is important to note that CRC is not a single disease but a heterogeneous group of malignancies, with different genetic characteristics of the tumors determining prognostic outcome and response to targeted therapies [4][5]. In colon cancer, the migratory phenotype of cancer cells leads to the development of distant metastases, for which there are limited treatment options [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survival rate of patients with CRC is mainly dependent on the stage at which the tumor is first diagnosed. According to GLOBOCAN 2018 data, the 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with stage I colon cancer is 93.2%, which drops significantly to 8.1% for patients with stage IV [4,5]. Currently, the most common methods of therapy for CRC include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy For Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Potential Mechanisms Of Therapy And Associated Risks

Hilland¹,

Gallicchio²

2021

Journal of Stem Cell Research

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Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths due to therapy resistance. Traditional treatment methods for colon cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, due to the unspecific target of these strategies and the presence of therapy-resistant colon cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment, nearly 50% of patients exhibit tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative methods, and targeted cell-based therapies are emerging as promising agents for the treatment of heterogeneous malignancies. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely investigated for their therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine due to unique biological features, including self-regeneration and differentiation potential, tumor homing capacity, and immunomodulatory and paracrine functions. However, the exact role of MSCs in cancer treatment remains controversial as they have been shown to be involved in tumor progression and inhibition at the preclinical level. This review summarizes current findings on the application of MSCbased therapy for colon cancer, with a focus on the mechanisms of action of MSCs as therapeutic agents, including paracrine action, the capacity of migration, and impact on the regulation of the human immune system. It also discusses strategies to improve MSCs therapeutic effectiveness through genetic engineering and potential risks that should be considered before clinical use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy For Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Potential Mechanisms Of Therapy And Associated Risks

Hilland¹,

Gallicchio²

2021

Journal of Stem Cell Research

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“…It is based on the different densities of tumor and healthy tissues [10]. Colonoscopy is a rather useful diagnosis method for the identification of colorectal cancer as well as for its non-invasive treatment [11]. Biopsy belongs to the most occurring tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Nanoparticles and Nanomotors Modified by DNA/RNA Aptamers and Antibodies in Targeted Therapy of Cancer

2021

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Polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors are novel nanostructures that are of increased interest especially in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. These structures are modified by antibodies or nucleic acid aptamers and can recognize the cancer markers at the membrane of the cancer cells or in the intracellular side. They can serve as a cargo for targeted transport of drugs or nucleic acids in chemo- immuno- or gene therapy. The various mechanisms, such as enzyme, ultrasound, magnetic, electrical, or light, served as a driving force for nano/micromotors, allowing their transport into the cells. This review is focused on the recent achievements in the development of polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors modified by antibodies and nucleic acid aptamers. The methods of preparation of polymer nanoparticles, their structure and properties are provided together with those for synthesis and the application of nano/micromotors. The various mechanisms of the driving of nano/micromotors such as chemical, light, ultrasound, electric and magnetic fields are explained. The targeting drug delivery is based on the modification of nanostructures by receptors such as nucleic acid aptamers and antibodies. Special focus is therefore on the method of selection aptamers for recognition cancer markers as well as on the comparison of the properties of nucleic acid aptamers and antibodies. The methods of immobilization of aptamers at the nanoparticles and nano/micromotors are provided. Examples of applications of polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors in targeted delivery and in controlled drug release are presented. The future perspectives of biomimetic nanostructures in personalized nanomedicine are also discussed.

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Cost‐effectiveness of oral cancer screening approaches by visual examination: Systematic review

et al. 2021

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The present study is the first systematic review of papers that have performed a full economic evaluation on oral cancer screening strategies using visual oral examination. The review questions were (1) Is screening a cost-effective strategy in oral cancer? (2) What is the most cost-effective strategy among the different screening approaches in oral cancer? The main outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The study identifies and reviews seven full economic evaluations. The included studies scored 75%-100% on the methodological appraisal. Majority of the studies reports that oral cancer screening is a cost-effective strategy, especially in an opportunistic setting and high-risk subset of patients. The results were sensitive to cost and effectiveness parameters. Oral cancer screening, though found cost-effective, the uncertainty around these parameters necessitates additional studies that include better estimates in the modeling assessments. The heterogeneity in studies limited comparison and generalization.

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Screening for Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy For Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Potential Mechanisms Of Therapy And Associated Risks

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy For Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Potential Mechanisms Of Therapy And Associated Risks

Polymer Nanoparticles and Nanomotors Modified by DNA/RNA Aptamers and Antibodies in Targeted Therapy of Cancer

Cost‐effectiveness of oral cancer screening approaches by visual examination: Systematic review

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