Screening for Drought-tolerant Genotypes of Persian Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) During Seed Germination

Vahdati, Kourosh; Lotfi, Naser; Kholdebarin, Bahman; Hassani, D.; Amiri, Rahebeh; Mozaffari, Mohammad Reza; Leslie, Charles A.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.44.7.1815

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Abiotic stress experiments on one-and two-year-old progeny of promising walnut cultivars showed the same trends Vahdati et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…For those experiments conducted by Vahdati et al (2009) andLotfi et al (2010a), half-sib seeds of sixteen open pollinated walnut (J. regia L.) cultivars ('Z30','Z53','Z67','Z60','Z63','K72','B21','V30','Panegine 20','Hartley','Pedro','Vina','Lara','Serr','Ronde de Montignac' and 'Chandler') were supplied by the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Walnut Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: Approaches and Prospects

Vahdati¹

2014

Acta Hortic.

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Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees are among the plants sensitive to abiotic stresses. Existing very old Persian walnut trees in Asia, planted hundreds years ago, may possess valuable stress resistance genes that help them cope with unfavourable environmental conditions. We have been collecting drought and salt tolerant cultivars of walnut from around the world, work which is still continuing, and we have identified some walnut seedlings that are very tolerant to drought and salt stresses at the germination stage. Mechanisms of adaptation and tolerance in selected walnut rootstocks were investigated. The results of our work on walnut tolerance to abiotic stress, and that of others, will be discussed in this paper. According to the literature, cavitation avoidance via stomatal regulation and petiole segmentation is a likely physiological response to abiotic stress in walnut, particularly in sensitive genotypes. Hot and dry weather reduces photosynthesis and potential productivity in walnut, even in the absence of soil water deficit, but some promising genotypes show sufficient net assimilation rate and photosynthesis under abiotic stress conditions. Walnut roots are mainly distributed in the upper soil layers, which lose efficiency in water uptake during the dry season. Differences among walnut genotypes in activity of anti-oxidative enzymes could be attributed to differences in the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress injury and subsequent tolerance to abiotic stresses. Higher proline accumulation observed in walnut seedlings tolerant to osmotic stresses was accompanied by higher activity of antioxidative enzymes. These results suggest that proline accumulation could activate the anti-oxidative defence mechanism in walnut trees. Biotechnology approaches for resistance to abiotic stresses in walnut are rare. One of the first attempts by our team has been transformation of Persian walnut with a flavodoxin gene (fld) isolated from a cyanobacteria. Plantlets of walnut expressing the fld gene clearly grew better in vitro in the presence of 200 mM NaCl than did non-transgenic controls. Control plants did not produce any callus, turned brown, and died after 10 days, while transgenic lines showed no brown symptoms, produced callus, and continued their growth for up to 45 days on 200 mM NaCl. Walnut transformation with a betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh) gene is also under study.

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“…Abiotic stress experiments on one-and two-year-old progeny of promising walnut cultivars showed the same trends Vahdati et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walnut Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: Approaches and Prospects

Vahdati¹

2014

Acta Hortic.

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“…The germination percentage of walnut seeds of eighteen cultivars decreases significantly in response to decrease in (more negative) water potentials and increases of salinity level. Decreasing the water potential to -1.0 MPa reduced the germination of all varieties to less than 50% and at -1.50 MPa, the germination decreased to less than 25% [192]. The drought and salt stress treatments were unaffected by the size of seeds or seed weight and there was not a significant correlation between percent germination and either seed or kernel weight [212].…”

Section: Germination Under Abiotic Stress Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The mechanics of stomatal function are intimately connected with their morphology. On the other hand, as may be expected, estimates of the change in guard cell volume between the closed and open states of stomata vary between species because, even in one species, guard cell size can vary dependent on growth conditions and the age of the plant [192].…”

Section: Stomata Responses To Water Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Stomata have a fundamental role in controlling two of the most important processes in vegetative plant physiology, photosynthesis and ranspiration: they open to allow sufficient CO 2 to enter the leaf for photosynthetic carbon fixation, and they close to reduce transpiration under conditions of water stress [192]. The mechanics of stomatal function are intimately connected with their morphology.…”

Section: Stomata Responses To Water Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants with Emphasizing on Drought and Salinity Stresses in Walnut

Vahdati¹,

Lotfi²

2013

Abiotic Stress - Plant Responses and Applications in Agriculture

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Identifying and expression analysis of WD40 transcription factors in walnut

Chen

et al. 2022

The Plant Genome

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Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an important woody oil plant and will be affected by abiotic and biological stress during its growth and development. The WD‐repeat (WD40) protein is widely involved in plant growth, development, metabolism, and abiotic stress response. To explore the stress response mechanism of walnut, based on the complete sequencing results of the walnut genome, this study identified and analyzed the physiological, biochemical, genetic structure, and conservative protein motifs of 42 JrWD40 genes, whose expression to abnormal temperature were tested to predict the potential biological function. The results showed that the open reading frame (ORF) of theseWD40 genes were 807–2,460 bp, encoding peptides were 29,610.55–90,387.98 Da covering 268–819 amino acids, as well as 12–112 phosphorylation sites. JrWD40 proteins were highly conserved with four to five WD40 domains and shared certain similarity to WD40 proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. JrWD40 genes can be induced to varying degrees by low and high temperature treatments. JrWD40‐32, JrWD40‐27, JrWD40‐35, and JrWD40‐21 are affected by high temperature more seriously and their expression levels are higher; while JrWD40‐37, JrWD40‐26, JrWD40‐20, JrWD40‐24, and other genes are inhibited under low temperature stress. JrWD40‐40, JrWD40‐28, and JrWD40‐18 were first suppressed with low expression, while as the treatment time prolonging, the expression level was increased under cold condition. JrWD40‐14, JrWD40‐18, JrWD40‐34, and JrWD40‐3 displayed strong transcriptions response to both heat and cold stress. These results indicated that JrWD40 genes can participate in walnut adaptation to adversity and can be used as important candidates for walnut resistance molecular breeding.

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Screening for Drought-tolerant Genotypes of Persian Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) During Seed Germination

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Walnut Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: Approaches and Prospects

Walnut Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: Approaches and Prospects

Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants with Emphasizing on Drought and Salinity Stresses in Walnut

Identifying and expression analysis of WD40 transcription factors in walnut

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