Screening for major diseases in community pharmacies: a systematic review†

Ayorinde, Abimbola; Porteous, Terry; Sharma, Pawana

doi:10.1111/ijpp.12041

Cited by 71 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Users of pharmacy services generally display high levels of satisfaction 27 and encouragement to recommend services to others, through the use of promotional cards/leaflets could prove a useful strategy. Linking of services has been advocated by pharmacists 3,28 and is being explored in research studies 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public attitudes towards community pharmacy attributes and preferences for methods for promotion of public health services

et al. 2016

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Objective: To identify attitudes towards pharmacy characteristics and promotional methods for selected pharmacy public health services (lifestyle advice and screening for cardiovascular risk factors) among different sectors of the general public. Study design:Cross-sectional survey, using a previously validated questionnaire.Methods: Three survey methods were used, across 15 areas of England, to maximise diversity: face-to-face, telephone and self-completion of paper questionnaires. Responses to closed questions regarding characteristics and promotion were quantified and differences among sub-groups explored by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:In total, 2,661 responses were available for analysis: 2,047 face-to-face, 301 telephone and 313 paper. There were strong preferences for a pharmacy near to home or doctor's surgery and for long opening hours, particularly among employed people and nonwhites. Fifty percent preferred not to use a pharmacy in a supermarket, particularly older people, the retired, those of lower education and frequent pharmacy users. Personal recommendation by health professionals or family/friends was reported as most likely to encourage uptake of pharmacy public health services, with older people and males being less likely and frequent pharmacy users more likely perceive any promotional method as influential. Posters/leaflets were preferred over mass media methods, with fewer than 30% perceiving the latter as potentially influential. Conclusion:Pharmacists, pharmacy companies and service commissioners should use promotional methods favoured by potential users of pharmacy public health services and be aware of differences in attitudes when trying to reach specific population sub-groups. For personal recommendation to be successful good inter-professional working and a pro-active approach to existing customers are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public attitudes towards community pharmacy attributes and preferences for methods for promotion of public health services

et al. 2016

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“…Although a number of screening services have been provided by community pharmacies for other chronic conditions internationally, our review found that little has been done in asthma. The systematic review conducted by Ayorinde et al 66. also identified a number of studies for screening of various chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disease, diabetes, or osteoporosis, but very few for asthma 66…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of community pharmacists in screening and subsequent management of chronic respiratory diseases: a systematic review

Fathima

Naik-Panvelkar

Saini

et al. 2013

Pharmacy Practice (Internet)

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to evaluate the role of community pharmacists in provision of screening with/without subsequent management of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and uncontrolled asthma.MethodsAn extensive literature search using four databases (ie. Medline, PubMed, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA) and Scopus) with search terms pharmacy, screening, asthma or COPD was conducted. Searches were limited to the years 2003-2013, those in English and those reporting research with humans. Data retrieval, analysis and result presentation employed a scoping review method.ResultsSeventeen articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, of which fifteen studies were based on people with asthma and two were based on people with COPD. Only seven asthma studies and one COPD study involved screening followed by subsequent management. More than half of the people screened were found to be poorly controlled and up to 62% of people were identified at high risk for COPD by community pharmacists. The studies varied in the method and type of asthma control assessment/screening, the type of intervention provided and the outcomes measured. The limitations of the reviewed studies included varying definitions of asthma control, different study methodologies, and the lack of long-term follow-up. While many different methods were used for risk assessment and management services by the pharmacists, all the studies demonstrated that community pharmacists were capable of identifying people with poorly controlled asthma and undiagnosed COPD and providing them with suitable interventions.ConclusionsThe literature review identified that community pharmacists can play an effective role in screening of people with poorly controlled asthma and undiagnosed COPD along with delivering management interventions. However, there is very little literature available on screening for these chronic respiratory conditions. Future research should focus on development of patient care delivery model incorporating a screening protocol followed by targeted management interventions delivered by the community pharmacist.

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“…Community pharmacists' role in the prevention and management of diseases such as asthma, CVD, diabetes, and hypertension is well established [1]. However, our literature search could not identify any study that used community pharmacies as a resource for early identification and prevention of CKD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given their training and accessibility, community pharmacists are well placed to play a key role in providing health promotion and screening services to the general population [1]. In Australia, pharmacists have successfully implemented, within their normal daily practice, many interventional programs such as for asthma management [2], home-based post discharge warfarin management [3], detecting and resolving drugrelated problems [4], and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk screening [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A web-based training program to support chronic kidney disease screening by community pharmacists

et al. 2016

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Background Community pharmacists' role in screening of several chronic diseases has been widely explored. The global health burden of chronic kidney disease is high; however, the progression and adverse outcomes can be prevented or delayed by detecting and treating the disease in its initial stages 1-3. Therefore, a web-based training program was developed to enhance pharmacists' knowledge and skills required to perform a chronic kidney disease screening service in a community setting. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a web-based training program on community pharmacists' knowledge and skills associated with chronic kidney disease screening. As secondary aim, pharmacists' satisfaction with the training program was assessed. Setting Community pharmacy practice. Method A web-based training program was developed by four pharmacists and a nephrologist. Quantitative data was collected by employing a self-administered, web-based questionnaire, which comprised a set of five multiple-choice knowledge questions and one clinical vignette to assess skills. A nine-item Likert scale was used to determine pharmacists' satisfaction with the training program. Main outcome measure Pharmacists' knowledge and skills scores at pre and post-training, reliability of the Likert scale, and the proportion of responses to the individual nine items of the satisfaction survey. Results Fifty pharmacists participated in the pre-questionnaire and 38 pharmacists completed the web-based training and post-questionnaire. Significant differences were observed in the knowledge scores (p < 0.001) and skills scores (p < 0.001) at pre- and post-training. Cronbach's alpha for the nine-item satisfaction scale was 0.73 and the majority pharmacists (92.1-100 %) were satisfied with the various aspects of the training program. Conclusion The web-based training program positively enhanced pharmacists' knowledge and skills associated with chronic kidney disease screening. These findings support further development and widespread implementation of the training program to facilitate health promotion and early identification of chronic kidney disease in a community setting.

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Screening for major diseases in community pharmacies: a systematic review†

Cited by 71 publications

References 61 publications

Public attitudes towards community pharmacy attributes and preferences for methods for promotion of public health services

Public attitudes towards community pharmacy attributes and preferences for methods for promotion of public health services

The role of community pharmacists in screening and subsequent management of chronic respiratory diseases: a systematic review

A web-based training program to support chronic kidney disease screening by community pharmacists

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