Screening for Post-Partum Depression in a Community Sample

Zelkowitz, Phyllis; Milet, Tamara H.

doi:10.1177/070674379504000205

Cited by 123 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although most studies find little or no correlation of PPD with socioeconomic status (SES) or other demographic variables (Cutrona 1982;O'Hara and Zekoski 1988), this is probably because subjects are obtained from fairly homogenous middle class populations. In those few studies specifically examining financially impoverished populations, rates of PPD are significantly elevated (Hobfoll et al 1995;Seguin et al 1995;Zelkowitz and Milet 1995). More specifically, Warner et al (1996) found both maternal unemployment and "head of household" unemployment to be significant risk factors for PPD.…”

Section: Tests Of the Defection Hypothesis For Postpartum Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Hagen

1999

Evolution and Human Behavior

219

137

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Evolutionary approaches to parental care suggest that parents will not automatically invest in all offspring, and they should reduce or eliminate investment in their children if the costs outweigh the benefits. Lack of paternal or social support will increase the costs born by mothers, whereas infant health problems will reduce the evolutionary benefits to be gained. Numerous studies support the correlation between postpartum depression (PPD) and lack of social support or indicators of possible infant health and development problems. PPD may be an adaptation that informs mothers that they are suffering or have suffered a fitness cost, which motivates them to reduce or eliminate investment in offspring under certain circumstances, and that may help them negotiate greater levels of investment from others. PPD also appears to be a good model for depression in general.

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Section: Tests Of the Defection Hypothesis For Postpartum Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Hagen

1999

Evolution and Human Behavior

219

137

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“…Scores range from 0 to 30, with a higher score representing greater depressive symptom severity. The EPDS has been extensively used and validated across multiple community, cultural, and ethnically diverse populations, 39,[45][46][47][48][49] has validated English and Spanish versions, 48,49 and has been used to identify the prevalence of depression in pregnant 49,50 and postpartum Latinas living in the United States. 51 Cutoff scores range from 9 to 13.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Screening for Depression in the Perinatal Period Enough? The Co-Occurrence of Depression, Substance Abuse, and Intimate Partner Violence in Culturally Diverse Pregnant Women

Connelly

Hazen

Baker-Ericzén

et al. 2013

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: The perinatal period provides unique opportunities to identify and intervene with the co-occurrence of perinatal depression, intimate partner violence (IPV), and substance use problems. Psychosocial screening recommended for women seen in maternal child health settings tends to target single rather than multiple risk factors; there is limited research examining the co-occurrence of these issues especially in racially and ethnically diverse women across the perinatal period. These analyses explore the relationships of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral characteristics in a large, diverse sample of women. Method: Women receiving perinatal services at routinely scheduled visits, including the 6-week postpartum visit, were recruited from 10 community obstetric/gynecologic clinics. Data were collected on perinatal depression, IPV, maternal substance use, and sociodemographic characteristics by bilingual, bicultural research assistants. Results: A total of 1868 women were screened, 1526 (82%) Latina, 1099 (58.8%) interviewed in Spanish; 20.4% (n = 382) screened positive for depressive symptoms based on an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 10 or above, 20.9% reported harmful drinking, 4.3% reported drug use, 23% reported substance use problems, and 3.5% reported current or recent IPV. Women who were Black, Asian, Pacific Islander, or other race/ethnicity had greater odds for depressive symptoms relative to women who were Hispanic or Latino (odds ratio [OR] = 1.81, p = 0.005). Women reporting substance use problems (OR = 2.37, p < 0.0001) and IPV (OR = 3.98, p < 0.0001) had higher odds for depressive symptoms. Conclusion: In a predominately Latina sample, 1 in 5 mothers (20.4%) screened positive for depressive symptoms and over one third (36.7%) reported one or more psychosocial issues during the perinatal period. Screening for multiple risk factors rather than just one can help clinicians tailor interventions for the successful management of psychosocial issues.

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“…Further, the limited available evidence suggests that the subpopulations identified here as being seldom included in postpartum depression research may be at increased risk for this condition. For example, elevated rates of postpartum depression have been reported among adolescent mothers (19)(20)(21)(22), single mothers (23)(24)(25)(26), women of low socioeconomic status (13,27,28), and immigrant mothers (29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Studies evaluating risk factors and effective interventions for postpartum depression among members of these populations are therefore essential.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Research Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Characteristics of Participants in Studies of Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment of Postpartum Depression

et al. 2006

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Objectives: Metaanalyses have found that sociodemographic variables are not strong predictors of postpartum depression. However, no studies have systematically examined the extent to which the samples used in published research on postpartum depression have included sufficiently diverse samples of women to merit this conclusion. The objectives of this study were to examine the demographic characteristics of participants in previously published studies and to document existing gaps in the current literature. Method:We extracted age, ethnicity, relationship status, and socioeconomic status of 51 453 participants from 143 studies previously selected for systematic literature reviews.Results: Few studies reported complete demographic data; however, existing data indicate that participants were predominantly aged 25 to 35 years, white, partnered, and of mid-or high-socioeconomic status. Conclusions:To assess the external validity of the findings, improved reporting of demographic characteristics is required in publications related to postpartum depression. Additional research is needed to understand postpartum depression among understudied populations. However, most studies have been conducted in Western societies with younger, white, partnered women of higher socioeconomic status. · It is not clear that previously published risk factors or treatment and prevention guidelines are suitable for, or relevant to, diverse populations. Limitations· We included only English-language studies in this review, and it is possible that studies published in other languages reflect more diversity in the countries of origin of the studies and, therefore, in the ethnicity of participants. · Sufficient data were available to examine only 4 demographic variables. · Many studies did not report complete data for the demographic variables examined.

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Screening for Post-Partum Depression in a Community Sample

Abstract: Telephone screening for post-partum depression is feasible, and can aid in the identification of women at risk.

Cited by 123 publications

References 28 publications

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

The Functions of Postpartum Depression

Is Screening for Depression in the Perinatal Period Enough? The Co-Occurrence of Depression, Substance Abuse, and Intimate Partner Violence in Culturally Diverse Pregnant Women

Demographic Characteristics of Participants in Studies of Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment of Postpartum Depression

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