Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Within a Psychiatric Hospital and Considerations for Limiting Transmission Within Residential Psychiatric Facilities — Wyoming, 2020

Callaghan, Anna; Chard, Anna N.; Arnold, Patricia J.; Loveland, Cody; Hull, Noah; Saraiya, Mona; Saydah, Sharon; Dumont, Wendy; Frakes, Laura G.; Johnson, Daniel; Peltier, ReaAnna; Houten, Clayton Van; Trujillo, Alexander; Moore, Jazmyn; Rose, Dale A.; Honein, Margaret A.; Carrington, David; Harrist, Alexia; Hills, Susan L.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6926a4

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed psychiatric practice over a short period of time given the level of clinical uncertainty and unique circumstances. The unprecedented task of preventing and managing COVID-19 transmission on the inpatient psychiatric setting requires development of contingency plans to address the distinctive challenges encountered within this patient population [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatient psychiatry unit devoted to COVID-19 patients

Mahgoub¹,

Agarkar²,

Radosta³

et al. 2021

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the mental health care. Treating psychiatric patients with COVID-19 poses multiple challenges in the inpatient psychiatric setting in terms of mitigating transmission of the virus. Gracie Square Hospital, a freestanding psychiatric hospital located in New York City, dedicated a unit for treating COVID-19 patients requiring inpatient psychiatric treatment. We faced different challenges including treatment refusal, difficulty complying with safety precautions due to psychosis, agitated behavior, and staff psychological well-being. We considered reformation of protocols, expansion of the use of technology, development of a supportive platform, and standardization of clinical practice. This paper describes our strategies to manage the challenges while providing acute psychiatric treatment to COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatient psychiatry unit devoted to COVID-19 patients

Mahgoub¹,

Agarkar²,

Radosta³

et al. 2021

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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“…Further, the settings in which these localized outbreaks are occurring face unique challenges often requiring more intensive infection prevention and control interventions that are not implemented at the population level. 31 This model is representative of the general Canadian situation and provides a baseline projection of community transmission in Canada. Our results will therefore need to be interpreted recognizing that in some circumstances localized outbreaks may result in higher numbers of cases, hospital admissions and deaths than projected.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected effects of nonpharmaceutical public health interventions to prevent resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Canada

Fazil

Waddell

et al. 2020

CMAJ

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BACKGROUND: Continual efforts to eliminate community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will be needed to prevent additional waves of infection. We explored the impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions on projected SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Canada. METHODS: We developed an agestructured agent-based model of the Canadian population simulating the impact of current and projected levels of public health interventions on SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Interventions included case detection and isolation, contact tracing and quarantine, physical distancing and community closures, evaluated alone and in combination. RESULTS: Without any interventions, 64.6% (95% credible interval [CrI] 63.9%-65.0%) of Canadians will be infected with SARS-CoV-2 (total attack rate) and 3.6% (95% CrI 2.4%-3.8%) of those infected and symptomatic will die. If case detection and contact tracing continued at baseline levels without maintained physical distancing and reimplementation of restrictive measures, this combination brought the total attack rate to 56.1% (95% CrI 0.05%-57.1%), but it dropped to 0.4% (95% CrI 0.03%-23.5%) with enhanced case detection and contact tracing. Combining the latter scenario with maintained physical distancing reduced the total attack rate to 0.2% (95% CrI 0.03%-1.7%) and was the only scenario that consistently kept hospital INTERPRETATION: Controlling SARS-CoV-2 transmission will depend on enhancing and maintaining interventions at both the community and individual levels. Without such interventions, a resurgent epidemic will occur, with the risk of overwhelming our health care systems.

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“…Assuming that the true probability of both MTT and TT being equivocal is 0. as can be seen in figure 5 below. Two studies (Jameson, 2020 andCallaghan, 2020) neither detected any cases nor found asymptomatic carriers and so were excluded. Overall prevalence of asymptomatic cases within the UK was found to be 3.76% (95% CI: 3.1 -4.5) with rates ranging from 2.2% (95% CI: 1.6 -2.8) among hospital staff to 14.9% (95% CI: 11.5 -18.8) in care homes.…”

Section: Binomial Test and 95% Confidence Intervalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All unreported confidence intervals were generated in SATA 14.2 (binomial exact) and exported to excel. The rule of three was applied to all studies with no outcome event (Jameson, 2020 andCallaghan, 2020). Also, a stratification by setting gave a better picture and produced similar rates for studies in the UK and all studies pooled together, besides population level studies.…”

Section: Outcome In Sampled Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Testing with Contact Tracing Compared to Test and Trace for Effective Suppression of COVID-19 in the UK: A rapid review

Mbwogge

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundMaking testing available to everyone and tracing contacts might be the gold standard towards the control of COVID-19, particularly when significant transmissions are without symptoms. This study evaluated the effectiveness of mass testing and contact tracing in the suppression of COVID-19 compared to conventional Test and Trace in the UK.DesignA rapid review of available evidencePrimary research questionIs there evidence that mass testing and tracing could suppress community spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections better than Test and Trace?Secondary research questionWhat is the proportion of asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 reported during mass testing interventions?MethodsLiterature was searched in September through December 2020 in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Mendeley and PubMed.ResultsLiterature search yielded 286 articles from Google Scholar, 20 from Science Direct, 14 from Mendeley, 27 from Pubmed and 15 through manual search. Altogether 35 articles were included, making a sample size of close to a million participants.ConclusionThere was a very low level but promising evidence of 76.9% (95% CI: 46.2 – 95.0, P=0.09) majority vote in favour of the intervention under the primary objective. The overall proportion of asymptomatic cases among those tested positive and tested sample populations under the secondary objective was 40.7% (95% CI: 38.8– 42.5) and 0.01% (95% CI: 0.01 – 0.012) respectively. Conventional test and trace should be superseded by a decentralised and regular mass rapid testing and contact tracing, championed by GP surgeries and low cost community services.

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Screening for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Within a Psychiatric Hospital and Considerations for Limiting Transmission Within Residential Psychiatric Facilities — Wyoming, 2020

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Inpatient psychiatry unit devoted to COVID-19 patients

Inpatient psychiatry unit devoted to COVID-19 patients

Projected effects of nonpharmaceutical public health interventions to prevent resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Canada

Mass Testing with Contact Tracing Compared to Test and Trace for Effective Suppression of COVID-19 in the UK: A rapid review

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