Screening of Antioxidative Properties and Inhibition of Inflammation-Linked Enzymes by Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Plants Traditionally Used in Wound Healing in Poland

Abstract

A wide range of plant-derived preparations have been used against skin inflammatory disorders and as wound healing agents in traditional medicine. The purpose of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity of aqueous and 70% ethanolic extracts from eleven species of plants traditionally used in Poland to treat inflammatory skin diseases. The ability of extracts to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anion (O2•−), was studied. In non-cellular studies, an analysis of the anti-inflammatory effect on the activity of enzymes, such as hyaluronidase (HYAL) and lipoxygenase (LOX), was also performed. The chemical profiles of the most active extracts were achieved by applying the UHPLC-DAD-MSn method, and the sum of polyphenols in all tested extracts was determined by the colorimetric method with the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. The scope of the extracts’ influence on enzyme activity was significantly lower than their antioxidant activity. All extracts have shown high activity in free radical scavenging against DPPH. The ethanolic extracts have shown high potential to scavenge H2O2. The study of composition showed that the main components of the tested extracts were flavonoids, such as luteolin, apigenin, kaempferol, and quercetin derivatives, as well as caffeoylquinic acids, caffeic acid, and its conjugates.

Determination of Flavonoids in Selected Scleranthus Species and Their Anti-Collagenase and Antioxidant Potential

“…Based on the results outlined herein, the studied fractions containing the highest total phenolic, flavonoid, and phenolic acid contents ( Table 2 and Table 3 ) likewise showed the highest antioxidant activity, which is in the agreement with the available literature [ 8 , 25 , 26 ]. Moreover, the improvement of the antioxidant capacity of all tested compounds can be associated with the C4′ hydroxyl group, as shown in compounds 1 and 7, and the degradation of their activity with methylation or acetylation (see compounds 3 , 4 , and 6 ) [ 27 ].…”

“…Nonetheless, imprecise targeting of ROS may provoke oxidative stress in surrounding healthy cells, leading to an intensification of pathological processes. The excessive release of ROS occurs in the pathogenesis of numerous human skin diseases, including age-related disorders [ 8 ]. The ECM (extracellular matrix) is the part of the skin composed of, inter alia, proteins including collagen or elastin, and its degradation is tied with the skin-aging process [ 9 ].…”

Potential Effects of Phenolic Compounds That Can Be Found in Olive Oil on Wound Healing

“…Like the other polyphenols belonging to the flavonoid group, apigenin (Api) has been extensively studied for its antioxidant properties [ 102 ]. However, its benefits are not only limited to its ability to neutralise ROS, but it has also been shown to modulate wound healing and healing processes.…”

Comparative Studies on Essential Oil and Phenolic Content with In Vitro Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, Antimicrobial Activities of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. and A. millefolium subsp. millefolium Afan. L. Growing in Eastern Turkey

“…Free radicals, which are continuously created in the body as a result of cell metabolism, are harmful to the organism. A plethora of different diseases, including diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and atherosclerosis, are exacerbated as a result of this form of damage [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Since natural substances can be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food preparations, it is essential to explore the secondary metabolites present in medicinal plants and their biological properties [ 9 ].…”