Screening of Biocontrol Agents Against Rhizoctonia solani Causing Web Blight Disease of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Ganesan, Sevugaperumal; Sekar, R.

doi:10.5772/17306

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Different biotic and abiotic stresses affect groundnut production and quality. Among them are a variety of diseases which hamper groundnut production [6] including viral, bacterial, fungal and/or nematode based diseases [7] Among the soil borne fungal pathogens are those causing the late leaf spot (LLS) disease which is more common and more destructive to groundnut. LLS caused by Cercospora personatum is present every year on groundnut in sub Saharan Africa [8] and can decrease seed production by over 50%, if no fungicides are applied for control [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance mechanisms of late leaf spot and rosette diseases in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

Mohammed

Nuwamanya

Afutu

et al. 2019

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Groundnut has been identified as less susceptible to drought which produces moderate yield under drought conditions. Also, drought can enhance effects of late leaf spot and groundnut rosette diseases. However, to reduce rate of the damage by these constraints, plants produce various defensive metabolites. This investigation was undertaken to study how drought tolerant groundnut genotypes respond under late leaf spot and rosette diseases. Eleven drought tolerant genotypes, comprising 4 resistance to both diseases, 4 resistant to leaf spot and 3 resistant to rosette disease were selected for the study. The experiments were conducted in the screen house at two locations (Namulonge and Kabanyolo) and arranged in a complete randomized design. Diseases and drought were artificially imposed two weeks after germination. Data collected included aphid counts, chlorophyll, phenolic and tannin content. The analysis of variance showed significant differences (P<0.001) in most of the studied traits for the two sites, genotypes and the interaction. Rosette resistant genotypes recorded the lowest aphid counts and the highest tannin contents. The lowest total chlorophyll was shown by late leaf spot susceptible genotypes. Tannin content was negatively correlated with chlorophylls and aphid counts whiles total phenolic content was negatively correlated with aphid counts but was positively correlated with chlorophyll. The negative correlation between the measured metabolites and chlorophyll with aphid population, rosette and leaf spot disease indicated that an increase in these biochemical content led to a decrease in disease occurrence and therefore, increasing metabolites could contribute to the bio-protection of host plants against these diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance mechanisms of late leaf spot and rosette diseases in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

Mohammed

Nuwamanya

Afutu

et al. 2019

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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“…Aspergillus flavus is a serious threat to food safety which causes crop yield and quality deterioration by producing aflatoxins ( Deng et al, 2018 ). Similarly, gray mold disease of peanut caused by Botrytis cinerea ( Alam et al, 2019 ), web blight disease of groundnut caused by Rhizoctonia solani ( Ganesan and Sekar, 2011 ), and a huge seed-borne fungal microflora attack peanut seeds and deteriorates yield and quality. Their first target is the pericarp or pod; after that, these pathogens invade edible seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Pericarp Abundant Expression Promoter (AhGLP17-1P) From Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

et al. 2022

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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food legume crop grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. As a geocarpic crop, it is affected by many soil-borne diseases and pathogens. The pericarp, an inedible part of the seed, acts as the first layer of defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Pericarp promoters could drive the defense-related genes specific expression in pericarp for the defense application. Here, we identified a pericarp-abundant promoter (AhGLP17-1P) through microarray and transcriptome analysis. Besides the core promoter elements, several other important cis-elements were identified using online promoter analysis tools. Semiquantitative and qRT-PCR analyses validated that the AhGLP17-1 gene was specifically expressed only in the pericarp, and no expression was detected in leaves, stem, roots, flowers, gynophore/peg, testa, and embryo in peanut. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed strong GUS expression in siliques, while GUS staining was almost absent in remaining tissues, including roots, seedlings, leaf, stem, flowers, cotyledons, embryo, and seed coat confirmed its peanut expressions. Quantitative expression of the GUS gene also supported the GUS staining results. The results strongly suggest that this promoter can drive foreign genes’ expression in a pericarp-abundant manner. This is the first study on the functional characterization of the pericarp-abundant promoters in peanut. The results could provide practical significance to improve the resistance of peanut, and other crops for seed protection uses.

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Screening of rhizobacteria from rhizosphere of healthy chili to control bacterial wilt disease and to promote growth and yield of chili

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Yanti Y, Astuti FF, Habazar T, Nasution CR. 2017. Screening of rhizobacteria from rhizosphere of healthy chili to control bacterial wilt disease and to promote growth and yield of chili. Biodiversitas 18: 1-9. Bacterial wilt on chili cause by Ralstonia solanacearum. This disease is important, causing plant death and significant yield losses. Biological control is desirable because control with other methods gives variable results. One of the important group of biological agent is the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This group can control plant pathogens and enhance the growth and yield through direct and indirect mechanisms. The aim of this research was to obtain indigenous rhizobacterial isolates from rhizosphere of healthy chili, which are effective to control bacterial wilt disease and to promote plant growth as well as to increase plant yields. The rhizobacterial isolates were collected from healthy chili rhizosphere in endemic area of bacterial wilt at Banuhampu Sub-district, Agam District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Screening method of rhizobacterial isolates to control bacterial wilt was based on in planta technique. This technique was consist of three steps, as follow: (i) Screening of 43 rhizobacterial isolates to induce the hypersensitive reaction on Mirabilis jalapa. (ii) Screening of 42 rhizobacterial isolates (from first step) to increase growth of chili seedlings and (iii) Screening of 20 selected rhizobacterial isolates (from second step) to control bacterial wilt on chili. R. solanacearum were inoculated on the 6 weeks chili plants using Two strains of rhizobacterial isolates from chili rhizosphere (RZ.2.1.AG1 and RZ.1.3.AP1) showed high potential for disease suppression and also increased growth and yield of chili.

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Screening of Biocontrol Agents Against Rhizoctonia solani Causing Web Blight Disease of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Resistance mechanisms of late leaf spot and rosette diseases in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

Resistance mechanisms of late leaf spot and rosette diseases in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Pericarp Abundant Expression Promoter (AhGLP17-1P) From Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Screening of rhizobacteria from rhizosphere of healthy chili to control bacterial wilt disease and to promote growth and yield of chili

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