Screening of Chemical Insecticides for the Development of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-based Attracticides for the Management of Zonocerus variegatus

Timbilla, J. A.; Yeboah-Gyan, K.; Lawson, Bernard Walter; Woode, Eric

doi:10.3923/je.2007.218.224

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…[1] Due to their hepatotoxicity, [2,3] these alkaloids are exploited by the plants as a defense mechanism against vertebrate herbivores. It was also shown that such alkaloids are also potent for the control of various insect herbivore [4,5] as well as nematode [6] infections. The corresponding lactams, namely pyrrolizidinones, are less common in nature but are often synthetic precursors of pyrrolizidines which are obtained by amide reduction reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short and Versatile Approach for the Synthesis of Pyrrolizidinones

Dagoneau

Quinodoz

Kolleth

et al. 2022

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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Herein we describe a novel 3-step synthesis of pyrrolizidinone derivatives with good overall yield. This sequence relies on first a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between a keteniminium salt intermediate, bearing an alkyl chloride side chain, and an alkene partner furnishing the corresponding cyclobutanone after hydrolysis of the resulting cyclobutaniminium. Then ring expansion towards the γ-lactam using a Beckmann-type rearrangement followed by intramolecular S N 2 reaction in the presence of a base triggers the second ring formation of the process. This approach, which is particularly straightforward, allows a broad diversification of pyrrolizidinones by changing the nature of the substituents on the starting alkene and on the keteniminium precursor. Additionally, a computational study was conducted to assess the activation barrier of the S N 2 step on different intermediates as well as the nitrogen pyramidalization of the resulting pyrrolizidinones adducts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short and Versatile Approach for the Synthesis of Pyrrolizidinones

Dagoneau

Quinodoz

Kolleth

et al. 2022

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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Effect of 13 single and eight mixed host plant diets on survival, post‐embryonic development and morphology of variegated grasshopper in laboratory

Kekeunou

Messi

2010

Entomological Research

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Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) is known as an agricultural pest in West and Central Africa. In this study, the effects of 13 single and eight mixed host plant diets on the survival, post‐embryonic development and morphology of Z. variegatus in the laboratory were investigated. In each cage, 20 one‐day larvae were provided with these diets and their survival monitored every two days, from August 2000 to September 2002, until all individuals died. Results showed that the number of larval stages varied from six to eight according to the diet. Six larval stages were most frequent. Development to the adult stage (complete development) was only noted with 52% of diets. All the mixed host plant diets induced complete development of Z. variegatus except that of Cajanus cajan + Synedrella nodiflora + Chromolaena odorata. Complete development was observed with four single host plant diets: Lablab purpurea, C. cajan, Manihot esculenta and S. nodiflora. Compared to leguminous species and Asteraceae, M. esculenta (Euphorbiaceae) was the species that resulted in the highest level of survival and development of Z. variegatus. Chromolaena odorata and S. nodiflora (Asteraceae) induced late appearance of the different Z. variegatus nymphal instars and the appearance time was shorter on legumes. The supernumerary stage 7 has the same color as the larva in stages 1–6, but this larva was significantly larger than stage 6 and smaller than the adult stage. These results indicate that legumes for short fallows affected the survival and post‐embryonic development of Z. variegatus in the laboratory.

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