Screening of Cord Blood Low‐density‐lipoprotein Cholesterol in the Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: A Study of 2000 Infants

Boulton, T. J. C.; Craig, Ian H.; Hill, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05021.x

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Only 0.5% of the samples had both elevated cholesterol and TG. These cholesterol and TG distributions are similar to those previously reported (5,7,10,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution And Human Cord Blood Lipid Levels

1986

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ABSTRACT. The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution was examined by gradient gel electrophoresis (gge) in 154 human cord blood samples, and determinations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol levels were performed. Three distinct gge patterns were recognizable. The first pattern, termed the normal (gge) pattern, was distinguished by a prominent double peak in the (HDL2,),, region and a pronounced peak in the (HDL3b)gge region. Minor peaks, or shoulders, were also seen in the (HDLZb)gge and (HDL3Jae regions, and a valley was present in the (HDL3,),,, region. This pattern was associated with normal lipid levels for cord blood plasma (mean triglycerides: 30-42 mg/dl; mean total cholesterol 62-85 mg/dl; mean HDL-cholesterol: 34-41 mg/ dl).The second pattern, termed the 2b(gge) pattern, contained a major peak in the ( H D L z~)~~, region rather than the shoulder seen in the normal (gge) pattern, while the (HDL2.)gge, (HDL3b),e, and (HDL3,),, regions were less pronounced. This pattern was associated with elevated total cholesterol and HDL-C levels (means 85-102 and 49-56 mg/dl, respectively). The third pattern, termed the 3b(gge) pattern, was characterized by a paucity of material in the (HDL2,,),, region, a single peak in the (HDLza),, region, and either a relative increase in the (HDL3b),e region, or a simultaneous increase in both (HDLs~),~ and (HDL3e),e. This pattern was associated with elevated triglyceride levels (means 78-88 mg/dl) and decreased HDL-C levels (means 20-30 mg/dl). Only two infants had a simultaneous elevation of triglycerides and total cholesterol and both cases exhibited the 3b(gge) pattern. Our study demonstrates that although the triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the newborn are much lower than those in adults, they are the important factors associated with the HDL subclass distribution. Elevated cholesterol was related to increased particles in the (HDL2b), region while elevated triglyceride levels were associated with a decrease in (HDL2b+2a)gge particles and a concomitant increase in (HDLsb),, particles. (Pediatr Res 20: 487-491, 1986) Abbreviations HDL, high-density lipoproteins TG, triglyceride TC, total cholesterol HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol gge, gradient gel electrophoresis CB, cord blood Received October 7, 1985: accepted January 23, 1986. Address correspondence and requests for reprints to Orsolya Genzel-Boroviczeny, M.D., Donner Laboratory, 1-213, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.This work was supported by NIH Program Project Grant HL 18574 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and NIH National Research Service Award Training Grant HL 07279.There is growing evidence that HDL, and in particular the HDL2 subclass, have a protective role in the process of atherogenesis (1-3). In contrast to adults, in whom low density lipoproteins predominate, HDL is the predominant lipoprotein species in human CB (4-10). Davis et al. (4) found that in healthy term infants with lipoprotein levels below 10...

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“…Only 0.5% of the samples had both elevated cholesterol and TG. These cholesterol and TG distributions are similar to those previously reported (5,7,10,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution And Human Cord Blood Lipid Levels

1986

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“…The neonatal lipid pattern, described in pre vious studies, was confirmed in the present large series of newborns. HDL-C was about 37% of total plasma cholesterol; similar re sults were obtained by Parker et al [4], while others found that the amount of cholesterol transported by HDLs was higher [20][21][22], Total cholesterol, LDL-C, determined by the formula of Friedewald et al [13], and TGs were 63, 33 and 39 mg/dl, respectively; in males, cholesterol levels were slightly but significantly lower than those of females. On the other hand, clinical findings o n n e o nates did not show gender-related differ ences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Lipids, Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins AI AII, B, CII, CIII and E in Newborns

Averna

Barbagallo²,

Paola³

et al. 1991

Neonatology

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In this study lipid and apolipoprotein patterns were investigated at birth and compared with those of adults. In cord sera, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were 38.2, 46.2, 50.5, and 31.9%, respectively, of adult values. Apolipoprotein A_II, B and C_III were 48.6, 30.6 and 44.5% of adult values, while apo A_I, apo C_II and apo E showed values approaching those of adults (63.4, 73.3 and 89.7%, respectively). Also cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios were lower in newborns. In cord sera, lipids were correlated with various apolipoproteins in a surprisingly different way from adult sera. HDL cholesterol was not inversely correlated with triglycerides, and showed a highly positive correlation with apo E, apo C_II and apo C_III, which did not correlate with HDL cholesterol in adults. These data supported the presence of significant differences in plasma concentrations and composition of lipoproteins at birth. Therefore HDL, apo C_II, and apo E seem to play a different and more important metabolic role in neonatal lipid metabolism.

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“…But cord blood levels of cholesterol have not been good predictors of childhood hypercholesterolemia as recently discussed (7), apparently because other factors are more important in determining serum cholesterol levels at birth. In particular, both weight and gestation have a significant effect upon the cholesterol levels with both factors related to cord sera cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Lipid and Apolipoprotein Levels of Cord Sera

Lane

McConathy

1983

Pediatr Res

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Screening of Cord Blood Low‐density‐lipoprotein Cholesterol in the Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: A Study of 2000 Infants

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution And Human Cord Blood Lipid Levels

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution And Human Cord Blood Lipid Levels

Lipids, Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins A<sub>I</sub> A<sub>II</sub>, B, C<sub>II</sub>, C<sub>III</sub> and E in Newborns

Factors Affecting the Lipid and Apolipoprotein Levels of Cord Sera

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