Screening of gingival crevicular blood glucose and capillary finger blood glucose in the diagnosis of diabetes

Abstract

Aim:The study aimed at obtaining glucose readings using gingival crevicular blood (GCB) to screen for undiagnosed diabetes during routine dental visits. Materials and Methods: The present study included 50 patients who were divided into two groups, i.e. Group A and Group B, based on bleeding on probing at the site of collection of GCB. Group A participants had blood collected from sites having adequate bleeding on probing, whereas Group B participants had blood collected from sites with little bleeding on probing. GCB and capillary fi nger-stick blood (CFB] glucose readings were obtained using a self-monitoring glucometer. Statistical Analysis: Correlations between both the samples were done using Pearson's correlation. Results: Group A patients' correlations between GCB and CFB glucose readings were high, whereas in Group B patients, correlations between glucose readings were low. Conclusion: GCB can be an excellent source for screening diabetes during routine dental visits.

Evaluating the association between gingival crevicular blood glucose levels and finger capillary blood glucose levels according to periodontal status

“…For example, Rapone et al [ 9 ], who examined the correlation in people with a positive BOP, found this correlation convincing in those with diabetes. Waghmare et al [ 15 ] also found that the above correlation was acceptable in people with heavy bleeding gums. In the studies of Saeed et al [ 3 ], Singh et al [ 10 ], Nayagam et al [ 11 ], Sibyl et al [ 25 ], Subodh et al [ 13 ], Kaur et al [ 26 ], Ardakani et al [ 21 ], and Beikler et al [ 27 ], all participants had stage 2 grade B to stage 3 grade C periodontitis and included patients diagnosed with diabetes.…”

“…The FCBG values obtained in this study were higher than the GCBG values in each periodontal group and in total. Studies by Singh et al [ 10 ], Parihar et al [ 22 ], Kaur et al [ 26 ], and Waghmare et al [ 15 ] also reported higher values for FCBG than GCBG.…”

“…Moreover, even within the same study, varying conclusions were drawn; a 2011 study by Waghmare et al examined patients with varying degrees of bleeding during probing and identified a strong correlation between GCBG and capillary blood glucose in group A (those with heavy bleeding), while the correlation in group B (those with slight bleeding) was weak [ 15 ].…”

Early Screening Strategies for Diabetes Mellitus by Leveraging Dental Visits Using Optimal Screening Tools Available Onsite

“…Almost two-thirds of the general population visit a dentist’s office for a variety of reasons, including routine cleaning and treatment for a toothache. Introducing means to screen for T2DM at dental clinics can be a means of early detection and diagnosis of T2DM [5-6]. Uncontrolled T2DM is a factor in gum disease development; conversely, untreated gum disease can increase HbA1c levels by as much as 1%.…”

“…While previous studies have investigated this relationship with varying results, we incorporated a larger portion of our community to enhance our study. We used office-based glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) laboratory machines for ease of access, quick results to diagnose, and arranged timely follow-ups with a primary care physician [5-6].…”