Screening of Microbes Associated With Swine Growth and Fat Deposition Traits Across the Intestinal Tract

Abstract

Pigs, as one of the most common livestock species worldwide, are expected to have a fast growth rate and lower subcutaneous fatness but higher intramuscular fat ("marbling meat"). Nowadays, it is believed that not only host genetics but also its gut microbiomes can modulate farm animal phenotypes, however, many of the mechanisms remain elusive. We measured the body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT), and intramuscular fatness (IMF) of 91 Enshi pigs at 260 days of age, then genotyped each one individually using a 50K single nucleotide polymorphism array and performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on 455 microbial samples from the jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum. The microbial diversity showed notable spatial variation across the entire intestinal tract, with the cecum and colon having the highest α-diversity. The cecal and colonic microbiotas made greater contributions to BW and ADG and accounted for 22-37% of the phenotypic variance. The jejunal and cecal microbiotas contributed more (13-31%) to the BFT and IMF than the other segments. Finally, from cecum, colon, and jejunum, we identified eight microbial taxa that were significantly correlated with the target traits. The genera Alloprevotella and Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 were highly positively correlated with BW and ADG. The genera Prevotellaceae UCG-001 and Alistipes in the cecum and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in the jejunum were highly positively correlated with BFT and IMF. The genera Stenotrophomonas, Sphaerochaeta, and Desulfovibrio were negatively associated with the mentioned traits. These findings could aid in developing strategies for manipulating the gut microbiota to alter production performance in pigs.

Data based slurry treatment decision tree to minimise antibiotic resistance and pathogen transfer while maximising nutrient recycling

“…The pig slurry treatments analysed in our work showed the effects on microbial community composition differed by treatment, indicating that each treatment created distinct microbial communities in slurry. In common with previous reports, at the phylum level, we detected the predominance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, which were the most abundant phyla in the gut microbiome of pigs (Tang et al, 2020;. The dominance of these phyla detected during storage was also found in the study of Kumar et al,(Kumar et al, 2020).…”

Distribution and Difference of Gastrointestinal Flora in Sheep with Different Body Mass Index

“…In this study, negative correlation between Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_Group with BMI and fat deposition was identified for the first time. In previous reports, Colidextribacter and Alloprevotella were positively correlated with hyperlipidemia in rats and daily gain in pigs, respectively [ 49 , 50 ], and we found them in the cecum of high-BMI Hu sheep. In particular, Saccharivibrio belonging to Proteobacteria presented high relative abundance in the cecum of high-BMI Hu sheep.…”

Visualizing the Growth and Division of Rat Gut Bacteria by D-Amino Acid-Based in vivo Labeling and FISH Staining

“…The capability to differentiate bacteria of certain taxa growing at different stages, also offers an opportunity to better understand a complete cell cycle in vivo. Moreover, studies on gut microbiota of other mammalian hosts such as guinea pig (Hildebrand et al, 2012), pigs (Lamendella et al, 2011;Quan et al, 2020;Tang et al, 2020), dogs (Lin C. Y. et al, 2020), cats (Lyu et al, 2020), and primates such as chimpanzees (Moeller et al, 2016) and macaques (Manuzak et al, 2020), might also benefit by this integrative labeling techniques.…”