Screening of Phytochemical Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Caralluma tuberculate by In-Silico Study

Abstract

Medicinal plants have played a vital role in drug production. Herbal medicines have proved to be safe to use. Crude extract of Caralluma tuberculata stem was used to examine its antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening. Antibacterial assay was carried out by well diffusion method. A maximum number of compounds were eluted by methanolic extract by thin-layer chromatography and a total of 70 compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. The phytochemical screening showed that the methanolic extract of the whole plant was rich in alkaloids and tannins. Zones of inhibition around the bacterial colonies show the antibacterial activity of the plant. Extract of the targeted plant was effective against all test organisms Escherichia coli, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas that revealed methanolic extract of medicinal plant Caralluma possesses high antimicrobial activity against E. coli. and Bacillus causing 16mm±0.53 and 12.6±0.43 while ethyl acetate solvent of plant extract against E. coli. and Bacillus inhibited 08±0.0.03 and 9.6±0.32mm respectively. Ethyl acetate extract showed the best inhibition against Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus 15.6±0.54 and 9.8±0.41mm respectively and the same extract exhibited the zone inhibition 0.68±0.14 and 0.53±0.51mm against B. subtilis and P. aeruginous. The inhibitory effect was compared to standard gentamycin. Four bioactive compounds were subjected to molecular docking from which all targeted compounds received scores ranging from (−3.5 to −5.9) kcal/mol with targeted protein. Hence the study revealed that bioactive compounds derived from the Caralluma tuberculata plant pose highly antibacterial activity and might be used to synthesize the antibacterial drug.