Screening of Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee.), for Resistance in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Germplasm Lines

Philippines, Cambodia, and Laos. It holds ample significance as a vegetable crop in Terai and Mid-hill of Nepal since it can be grown in variety of soil and can be cultivated throughout the year. Generally, it is grown in Terai and Mid-Hill region during Bhadra-Asoj (August-September) and Magh-Falgun (February-March) respectively. Brinjal is a Kharif season crop in Nepal and mostly thrives best during long summer season with optimum temperature of 20°C-30°C for growth and fruit development. In Nepal, Brinjal cultivation is still non-commercial in most parts of the nation and further research on its pests and pathogens are yet to be carried out. Several insects like Fruit and Shoot Borer, White fly, Leaf hopper, Thrips, Mites, Leaf Roller, Red Spider Mite etc. are found to cause loss in Brinjal in different parts of the world. The key pest of Brinjal; Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) are responsible for causing huge damage to the growth and development of stems, young sprouts, buds and fruits as well. This insect can also attack other vegetables of solanaceae family (alternate host) and results in severe losses. Larvae bore inside the fruit and reduce its yield up to 70%-75% [1-3]. This larva of this insect has unique nature of feeding on monophagous diet aided by homing and tunneling behavior which ultimately enables the adult Introduction Pertinent data were collected with consultation of journal articles, research articles, proceedings, annual reports, thesis, review reports, survey reports, library books etc. covering the insect biol

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“…During reproductive phase, the larvae bore into the flower buds and also enter into the susceptible fruits through the calyx [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) in Nepal

Gautam¹,

Kafle²,

Regm³

et al. 2019

Act Scie Agri

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“…Some investigators searched for the resistance factors among the physicochemical properties of the varieties showing relatively less infestation. They reported morphological characters like spines (Shaukat et al ., 2018), trichomes (Panda & Das, 1974; Javed et al ., 2011), and silica deposition (Kale et al ., 1986) and contents of metabolites such as steroidal alkaloids (Doshi et al ., 1998; Preneetha, 2002; Jat & Pareek, 2003; Thangamani, 2003), phenolics (Kale et al ., 1986; Asathi et al ., 2002; Prabhu et al ., 2009), and crude fiber (Kale et al ., 1986) as putative SFB‐resistant factors. However, most of these findings were based on correlative analyses and did not empirically validate the specific resistance factors for direct use in SFB management (Shaukat et al ., 2018; Lalita & Kashyap, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical ecology of Himalayan eggplant variety's antixenosis: identification of geraniol as an oviposition deterrent against the eggplant shoot and fruit borer

et al. 2023

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Summary Eggplant (Solanum melongena) suffers severe losses due to a multi‐insecticide‐resistant lepidopteran pest, shoot and fruit borer (SFB, Leucinodes orbonalis). Heavy and combinatorial application of pesticides for SFB control renders eggplant risky for human consumption. We observed that gravid SFB females do not oviposit on Himalayan eggplant variety RC‐RL‐22 (RL22). We hypothesized that RL22 contained an antixenosis factor. Females' behavior indicated that the RL22 cue they perceived was olfactory. To identify it, leaf volatile blends of seven eggplant varieties were profiled using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Seven RL22‐specific compounds were detected in the plant headspace. In choice assays, oviposition deterrence efficacies of these candidate compounds were independently tested by their foliar application on SFB‐susceptible varieties. Complementation of geraniol, which was exclusively found in RL22, reduced oviposition (> 90%). To validate geraniol's role in RL22's SFB‐deterrence, we characterized RL22's geraniol synthase and silenced its gene in planta, using virus‐induced gene silencing. Geraniol biosynthesis suppression rendered RL22 SFB‐susceptible; foliar geraniol application on the geraniol synthase‐silenced plants restored oviposition deterrence. We infer that geraniol is RL22's SFB oviposition deterrent. The use of natural compounds like geraniol, which influence the chemical ecology of oviposition, can reduce the load of hazardous synthetic larvicides.

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“…A thin stem, numerous branches, the length and width of the lower third of the leaf, more spines, a rough leaf surface area, a thick cuticle heavily lignified, a broad and thick hypodermis, a closely packed vascular bundle, and a small pith area are characteristics of antixenosis that may indicate a lower infestation or, conversely, a higher infestation. Numerous researchers have examined the antixenosis mechanism of various plant characteristics [75][76]. Their findings have shown that the biophysical characteristics of shoot and fruit borer insect populations are reduced, as shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Host Plant Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These pests include Thrips palmi (Karny), Eublemma olivacea (Walker), Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee), Bemicia tabaci (Gennadius), Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida), Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fab. ), Amrasca biguttula biguttula biguttula (Ishida), and Tetranychus macfarlanei (Baker and Pritchard) [105], and Tetranychus macfarlanei (Koch) [60]. L. orbonalis is the harmful pest found in Asia, [68,108] among them [50,17, and 91].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review on the Bio-ecology and Integrated Management Strategies for Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee)

Sharma,

Mohapatra,

Kathayat

2024

J. Adv. Biol. Biotechnol.

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The most important and commonly grown vegetable for both raw and cooked purposes is brinjal, or Solanum melongena Linnaeus. It is a member of the solanaceae family and is also known as eggplant or baingan. Nevertheless, it faces significant threat from a prominent pest known as the eggplant shoot and fruit borer, scientifically termed Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee, capable of inflicting damage ranging from 37% to 100%. This pest can also diminish both the quantity and quality of eggplant produced. Farmers persist in depending on pesticides to address this problem; nevertheless, excessive pesticide application has resulted in negative impacts on the environment, unintended beneficial organisms, phytotoxicity, pesticide resistance, pest resurgence, bioaccumulation, and secondary pest outbreaks. In different regions of the world, it has been discovered that a number of insects, including Various pests such as the Fruit and Shoot Borer, White Fly, Leaf Hopper, Thrips, Mites, Leaf Roller, and Red Spider Mite contribute to losses in eggplant. Moreover, this insect can also cause severe harm to other vegetables within the Solanaceae family, acting as an alternative host. The adult insect can eventually withstand the problems of chemical pesticides and find it challenging to control the insect population in standing crops due to the larva's unique ability to subsist on a monophagous diet supported by homing and tunneling behavior. It results in a decrease in both yield and vitamin C content. This is due to the fact that high humidity and moderate temperatures encourage the population growth of the Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer, which results in significant losses in hot, humid weather. Farmers primarily use chemical insecticides, which they apply carelessly to manage this pest. A lot of farmers also employ biological control techniques and home-based remedies like marigold barriers, cow urine, ashes, and so forth. Farmers are unable to totally manage the infestation, though, and the measures cost more to produce than they really bring.

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Screening of Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee.), for Resistance in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Germplasm Lines

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Management of Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) in Nepal

Management of Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) in Nepal

Chemical ecology of Himalayan eggplant variety's antixenosis: identification of geraniol as an oviposition deterrent against the eggplant shoot and fruit borer

Comprehensive Review on the Bio-ecology and Integrated Management Strategies for Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee)

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