Screening of white‐rot fungi for bioprocessing of wheat straw into ruminant feed

Nayan, Nazri; Sonnenberg, A.S.M.; Hendriks, W.H.; Cone, J.W.

doi:10.1111/jam.13894

Cited by 62 publications

(90 citation statements)

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“…To facilitate further understanding, we compared the two methods based on the relationship of cell wall contents with ruminal digestibility, as measured by the IVGP . The changes in IVGP of these fungal‐treated straws have been previously discussed in detail – hence, will only be mentioned briefly. All fungi clearly increased the IVGP of the wheat straw (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From ruminant perspective, ruminal digestibility – assessed either by in vitro , in situ or in vivo technique, is the most effective technique to select the best fungi for improving the nutritive value of wheat straw . To explain the changes in the digestibility, Method A should be used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two high potential strains from three different fungal species were previously selected based on their ability to improve IVGP of wheat straw: CS1 (CBS 347.63) and CS12 (ME-485) strains of C. subvermispora, PE3 (Mycelia2600) and PE6 (AL04) of P. eryngii and LE8 (sh 03/08) and LE10 (LE75) of L. edodes. 16 Procedures for the fungal strain preparations and treatment of the wheat straw have been described previously in detail. 4 All strains were maintained on malt extract agar before a piece of that agar (1.5 cm × 2.0 cm) was used to prepare the spawn for each fungus.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Fungal-treated Wheat Strawmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been widely used in feed evaluation studies, including assessment of fungal‐treated agricultural biomasses . Recently, we have screened for high potential strains of C. subvermispora , P. eryngii and L. edodes , based on their abilities to improve IVGP of wheat straw . These high potential strains showed a considerable variation in degrading the cell wall contents, particularly the ADL content of wheat straw (22.3–52.2%), providing a good range of data for the purpose of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of fungal degradation of wheat straw cell wall using different analytical methods from ruminant nutrition perspective

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BACKGROUND White rot fungi have been used to improve the nutritive value of lignocellulose for ruminants. In feed analysis, the Van Soest method is widely used to determine the cell wall contents. To assess the reliability of this method (Method A) for determination of cell wall contents in fungal‐treated wheat straw, we compared a combined monosaccharide analysis and pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (Py‐GC/MS) (Method B). Ruminal digestibility, measured as in vitro gas production (IVGP), was subsequently used to examine which method explains best the effect of fungal pretreatment on the digestibility of wheat straw. RESULTS Both methods differed considerably in the mass recoveries of the individual cell wall components, which changed on how we assess their degradation characteristics. For example, Method B gave a higher degradation of lignin (61.9%), as compared to Method A (33.2%). Method A, however, showed a better correlation of IVGP with the ratio of lignin to total structural carbohydrates, as compared to Method B (Pearson's r of −0.84 versus −0.69). Nevertheless, Method B provides a more accurate quantification of lignin, reflecting its actual modification and degradation. With the information on the lignin structural features, Method B presents a substantial advantage in understanding the underlying mechanisms of lignin breakdown. Both methods, however, could not accurately quantify the cellulose contents – among others, due to interference of fungal biomass. CONCLUSION Method A only accounts for the recalcitrant residue and therefore is more suitable for evaluating ruminal digestibility. Method B allows a more accurate quantification of cell wall, required to understand and better explains the actual modification of the cell wall. The suitability of both methods, therefore, depends on their intended purposes. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of the Fungal-treated Wheat Strawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of fungal degradation of wheat straw cell wall using different analytical methods from ruminant nutrition perspective

et al. 2019

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“…In addition to ligninolytic enzymes, certain whiterot fungi also produce cellulose-degrading enzymes (β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, and β-xylosidase; Vrsanska et al, 2016), resulting in simultaneous degradation of lignin and cellulose components by several strains (Trametes versicolor, Heterobasidium annosum, and Irpex lacteus). Consequently, white-rot fungi can improve digestibility and nutritive value of low-quality forages such as wheat straw and bermudagrass (Akin et al, 1993;Nayan et al, 2018). Tuyen et al (2012) reported that 9 of 11 species of white-rot fungi increased IVNDFD and in vitro ADF digestibility of wheat straw.…”

Section: White-and Brown-rot Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Symposium review: Technologies for improving fiber utilization

Adesogan

Arriola

Jiang

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

109

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The forage lignocellulosic complex is one of the greatest limitations to utilization of the nutrients and energy in fiber. Consequently, several technologies have been developed to increase forage fiber utilization by dairy cows. Physical or mechanical processing techniques reduce forage particle size and gut fill and thereby increase intake. Such techniques increase the surface area for microbial colonization and may increase fiber utilization. Genetic technologies such as brown midrib mutants (BMR) with less lignin have been among the most repeatable and practical strategies to increase fiber utilization. Newer BMR corn hybrids are better yielding than the early hybrids and recent brachytic dwarf BMR sorghum hybrids avoid lodging problems of early hybrids. Several alkalis have been effective at increasing fiber digestibility. Among these, ammoniation has the added benefit of increasing the nitrogen concentration of the forage. However, few of these have been widely adopted due to the cost and the caustic nature of the chemicals. Urea treatment is more benign but requires sufficient urease and moisture for efficacy. Ammonia-fiber expansion technology uses high temperature, moisture, and pressure to degrade lignocellulose to a greater extent than ammoniation alone, but it occurs in reactors and is therefore not currently usable on farms. Biological technologies for increasing fiber utilization such as application of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes, live yeasts, and yeast culture have had equivocal effects on forage fiber digestion in individual studies, but recent meta-analyses indicate that their overall effects are positive. Nonhydrolytic expansinlike proteins act in synergy with fibrolytic enzymes to increase fiber digestion beyond that achieved by the enzyme alone due to their ability to expand cellulose microfibrils allowing greater enzyme penetration of the cell wall matrix. White-rot fungi are perhaps the biological agents with the greatest potential for lignocellulose deconstruction, but they require aerobic conditions and several strains degrade easily digestible carbohydrates. Less ruminant nutrition research has been conducted on brown rot fungi that deconstruct lignocellulose by generating highly destructive hydroxyl radicals via the Fenton reaction. More research is needed to increase the repeatability, efficacy, cost effectiveness, and onfarm applicability of technologies for increasing fiber utilization.

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Production and Technological Routes

2022

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Screening of white‐rot fungi for bioprocessing of wheat straw into ruminant feed

Abstract: Large variation exists within and among different fungal species in the valorization of wheat straw, which offers opportunities to improve the fungal genotype by breeding.

Cited by 62 publications

References 43 publications

Evaluation of fungal degradation of wheat straw cell wall using different analytical methods from ruminant nutrition perspective

Evaluation of fungal degradation of wheat straw cell wall using different analytical methods from ruminant nutrition perspective

Symposium review: Technologies for improving fiber utilization

Production and Technological Routes

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