Screening Offenders: The Exploration of a Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) Brief Screener

Campbell, Christina; Onifade, Eyitayo; Barnes, Ashlee R.; Peterson, Jodi; Anderson, Valerie R.; Davidson, William S.; Gordon, Derrick M.

doi:10.1080/10509674.2013.861314

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, it is important to consider the role structural and evironmental factors play in behavior and social experiences. Moreover, C. Campbell et al(2014) did a study on creating a short-form version of the YLS/CMI by removing items deemed extraneous to prediction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

Campbell

D’Amato

Papp

2019

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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The Ohio Youth Assessment System-Disposition Tool (OYAS-DIS) is a juvenile risk assessment that is used in numerous states and jurisdictions to assess criminogenic risk of juvenile offenders. Still, there is little published research on the predictive validity of the tool. The purpose of the current study was to examine the predictive validity of OYAS-DIS, with a specific focus on understanding prediction of recidivism across racial and gender subgroups. The sample consisted of 4,383 youth that received a court petition in a single large Midwestern county juvenile court. The findings indicated that the OYAS-DIS was a statistically significant predictor of recidivism across all racial and gender subgroups. However, there was statistically significant variation in predictive validity across subgroups. For instance, the tool was a statistically significantly better predictor of recidivism for White males as compared to Black male youth. There was also statistically significant variation in the predictive validity of certain domains (e.g., juvenile justice history) on the OYAS-DIS across racial and gender subgroups. Implications of research favor the use of the OYAS-DIS to predict recidivism for adjudicated juveniles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

Campbell

D’Amato

Papp

2019

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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“…Consequently, risk assessments play an important role in the experiences of youth offenders. For instance, a common and an important decision that must be made by juvenile court officials is whether a youth should be diverted (Campbell et al., ). Given the effect of negative labels and stigma associated with being a delinquent, failure to divert when appropriate may have a long‐lasting and harmful effect on youth offenders (Campbell et al., ; Wilson and Hoge, ).…”

Section: Risk Assessment In Juvenile Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a common and an important decision that must be made by juvenile court officials is whether a youth should be diverted (Campbell et al., ). Given the effect of negative labels and stigma associated with being a delinquent, failure to divert when appropriate may have a long‐lasting and harmful effect on youth offenders (Campbell et al., ; Wilson and Hoge, ). Other important decisions that are made using risk assessment tools include identifying the level of supervision needs, types of services that will provide optimal success, and service needs during reentry/aftercare (Schwalbe, ).…”

Section: Risk Assessment In Juvenile Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment and Juvenile Justice

Campbell

Papp

Barnes

et al. 2018

Criminology & Public Policy

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Research Summary In this study, we examine the interaction between race, gender, and risk assessment score on risk for recidivism. We used the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to measure criminogenic risk among a sample of delinquent youth. The results of multivariate Cox regression revealed a significant interaction between race, gender, and risk score when predicting recidivism. The findings indicated that the slope of the relationship between risk score and recidivism differed significantly for Black youth as compared with White youth and that this interaction was even more pronounced for the subsample of males. These findings suggest that there may be social or other policy/enforcement‐related factors that increase risk for recidivism for Black youth. Policy Implications We found that although there were no differences in overall risk score across White and Black youth, Black males were at increased risk for future recidivism. These findings should inform practice and policies in four primary ways. First, court practitioners, like juvenile court officers and judges, should pay special attention to responsivity factors that may minimize barriers to treatment and success. Second, court officers and service providers should implement policies that require tracking how risk assessment information is used in the decision‐making process. Third, the use of reassessments to monitor changes in dynamic criminogenic risk is necessary. Finally, future research should be aimed at investigating the extent to which policies, practices, and enforcement moderate the validity of risk assessment tools across race and gender.

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“…A correct prediction would be that someone who is low risk does not reoffend, and an incorrect prediction is that someone who is low risk does reoffend. Several studies have found that there is no significant difference with how well the instrument predicts recidivism for girls and for boys (Barnes, 2013;Campbell et al, 2014;Flores, 2013;Gossner, 2003;Jung & Rawana, 1999;Schmidt, Hodge, Gomes, 2005;Stockdale, 2008;). …”

Section: Yls/cmi -Previous Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have found that gender-neutral instruments do not accurately predict risks for juvenile females (Baird et al, 2013; Schmidt, Campbell, & Houlding, 2011). Others report that gender-neutral tools work equally well for both sexes (Barnes, 2013; Campbell et al, 2014; Flores, 2013; Gossner & Wormith, 2007; Jung & Rawana, 1999; Schmidt, Hoge, & Gomes, 2005; Stockdale, 2008; Thompson & McGrath, 2012), and one analysis even suggested that a gender-neutral tool works better with females (Onifade, Davidson, & Campbell, 2009). To shed light on these conflicting results, the current study performs a meta-analysis of available studies on the predictive validity of the YLS risk-assessment instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and Risk Assessment in Juvenile Offenders: A Meta-Analysis

Pusch

Holtfreter

2017

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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Although young males are still the primary perpetrators of juvenile crime, girls are increasingly coming into contact with the criminal justice system. While girls may have different pathways to crime and risks for recidivism than boys, their risk to reoffend is typically assessed using a gender-neutral tool that is based on social learning theory: a theory originally developed and tested on males. With the appropriateness of using gender-neutral tools to assess female criminality coming into question, a number of researchers have searched for a resolution. To date, mixed findings on the predictive validity of risk assessment tools have not provided any definitive answers. To help assess the predictive validity of the Youth Level of Service Inventory, separate meta-analyses were conducted for male and female juvenile offenders using previous studies. The mean effect sizes were compared in order to determine whether the predictive validity is similar for both males and females. With the exception of violent recidivism, results indicate that the YLS/CMI works equally well for male and female offenders. The implications of these findings for theory, research, and correctional policy are discussed.ii

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Screening Offenders: The Exploration of a Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) Brief Screener

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

Validation of the Ohio Youth Assessment System Dispositional Tool (OYAS-DIS): An Examination of Race and Gender Differences

Risk Assessment and Juvenile Justice

Gender and Risk Assessment in Juvenile Offenders: A Meta-Analysis

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