Scrotal antegradesclerotherapy demonstrates anatomical variations on venous drainage in paediatric, adolescent and young adult varicoceles

Wong, Yin Cheong; Chung, Kenneth L.Y.; Lo, Kirk; Liu, C. S. W.; Fan, TW; Tse, S. K. S.; Tang, Paula M.Y.; Chao, Nicholas S.Y.; Liu, K. K. W.; Leung, Michael W.Y.

doi:10.1007/s00383-013-3413-6

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the proportion of patients with deviation from above anatomy are very variable depending on the study, e.g. up to 30% reported by Wong et al 9 with duplications of the internal spermatic vein in up to 74% of the cases reported by Nagappan et al 10 Our results compare favourably with international published standards for technical success rate (95-100%) and recurrence rates (1.6-10%). 11 As previously described, recurrences were associated more commonly in patient with more complex anatomy, in particular Type 4 patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Neck or groin access for varicocele embolisation: Is it important?

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…However, the proportion of patients with deviation from above anatomy are very variable depending on the study, e.g. up to 30% reported by Wong et al . with duplications of the internal spermatic vein in up to 74% of the cases reported by Nagappan et al …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neck or groin access for varicocele embolisation: Is it important?

et al. 2016

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“…Congenital absence of these valves can result in increased hydrostatic pressure. Several authors have described the occurrence of anomalous veins in patients with varicoceles discovered at the time of varicocele sclerotherapy [8,11,12]. In a report of 740 venographies of the internal spermatic vein by Gat and colleagues, 70-75 % had left-and right-sided collateral gonadal veins and retroperitoneal venous bypasses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The dilemma of adolescent varicocele

Garcia-Roig

Kirsch

2015

Pediatr Surg Int

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Adolescent varicocele is associated with ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy and the concern for future infertility. A testicular size discrepancy greater than 15-20 % between left and right testicle is an indication for treatment to allow catch-up growth in the hope of preventing a future decline in fertility. Some authors advocate for a period of watchful waiting, as normal testicular growth may occur asymmetrically. We review the current literature to highlight some controversies and challenges in management.

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“…Notably, many anatomic variants of the left spermatic vein have been described. A recent study identified anatomical variations on venous drainage of the left spermatic vein in about 25% of cases [6]. Anastomoses between left spermatic vein and ascending lumbar veins are well documented according to the Bähren classification [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Cord Injury Following Antegrade Scrotal Sclerotherapy for Varcicocele: A Case Report

et al. 2017

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Varicocele is one of the causes of male infertility. Treatment aims to improve the chance of conception despite lasting controversies about benefits of varicocele repair on fertility. Many techniques have been described for varicocele management including the antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy (ASS). Interestingly, ASS is often presented as a safe, easy, and cost-effective procedure with low recurrence and complication rates. However, we report the first case of spinal cord paralysis following ASS probably due to embolization of venous anastomoses between left spermatic and ascending lumbar veins, which were undetected at preoperative phlebography. Based on this case and recent literature, we raise questions about the safety of ASS and try to figure out what would be the best way to improve the detectability of potential harmful anastomoses at preoperative phlebography.

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Scrotal antegradesclerotherapy demonstrates anatomical variations on venous drainage in paediatric, adolescent and young adult varicoceles

Abstract: Scrotal antegrade sclerotherapy using STS foam is a safe and effective treatment for adolescent varicoceles. Anatomical variations on venous drainage in varicoceles are common.

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Neck or groin access for varicocele embolisation: Is it important?

Neck or groin access for varicocele embolisation: Is it important?

The dilemma of adolescent varicocele

Spinal Cord Injury Following Antegrade Scrotal Sclerotherapy for Varcicocele: A Case Report

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