Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi Kawasaki-related genotypes in Shandong Province, northern China

Zhang, Luyan; Bi, Zhuanfang; Kou, Zengqiang; Yang, Hui-Li; Zhang, Aihua; Shou-feng, Zhang; Xiang-peng, Meng; Zheng, Li; Zhang, Meng; Yang, Hongguang; Zhao, Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.12.036

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Karp-like strain is highly predominant in the southeastern countries like Thailand (Blacksell et al 2008 ; Wongprompitak et al 2013 ; Ruang-areerate et al 2011 ; Fournier et al 2008 ), Vietnam (Duong et al 2013 ; Le Viet et al 2017 ), Taiwan (Lin et al 2011 ; Lu et al 2010 ; Yang et al 2012 ), Sri Lanka (Premaratna et al 2017 ) and India (Biswal et al 2018 ; Varghese et al 2013 ). However, in South Korea and China, the higher predominance of Boryong serotypes (Jeong et al 2012 ; Lee et al 2011 ; Park et al 2010 ) and Kawasaki- like strain (Zheng et al 2015 ; Zhang et al 2013a , b , 2015 ) were found, respectively. However, now scrub typhus is not restrain to its indigenous areas and spreading outside tsutsugamushi triangle, as cases are reported from the Middle East, South America, U.A.E (Dubai), where Kato-like and chuto-like strains are prevailing (Weitzel 2016 ; Izzard et al 2010 ; Le Viet et al 2017 ; Taylor et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Prevalent Serotypes Of Orientia Tsutsugamushimentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnosis of scrub typhus: recent advancements and challenges

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scrub typhus is a mite-borne, acute febrile illness caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is a re-emerging infectious disease of the tsutsugamushi triangle. Scrub typhus is transmitted through bites of contaminated chiggers (larval stage). Diagnosis of scrub typhus is challenging as its symptoms mimic with other acute febrile illnesses. Several methods are effectual for diagnosis of scrub typhus that includes enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), immunochromatographic test (ICT), Weil-Felix, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Weil-Felix test was initially used for the diagnosis of scrub typhus in underdeveloped countries but not preferred due to a lack of both specificity and sensitivity. Other immuno-based methods like IFA and ELISA are most outrank for detection of scrub typhus due to their higher sensitivity and specificity, but not vigorous to lay bare the infection at early stages and need the convalescent sampling for verification of positive samples. On another deed, PCR based methods becoming acceptable over era due to its dexterity of early-stage diagnosis with higher specificity and sensitivity but lack its applicability in circumstances of scrub typhus due to the variegated genetic makeup of Orientia tsutsugamushi among its serotypes. The present review focused on various detection methods along with their advantages and disadvantages used in the diagnosis of scrub typhus. A comparison between available methods of diagnosis with challenges in the detection of scrub typhus is also summarized.

show abstract

Section: Prevalent Serotypes Of Orientia Tsutsugamushimentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnosis of scrub typhus: recent advancements and challenges

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Rodkvamtook et al 2011;Yang et al 2012). Among all 56 kDa TSA is most widely used genetic marker for detection of scrub typhus due to its well studied genetic variations among serotypes of O. tsutsugamushi (Kala et al 2020;Premaratna et al 2017;Biswal et al 2018;Usha et al 2016;Zheng et al 2015;Zhang et al 2015;Varghese et al 2015;Usha et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AuNPs/CNF-modified DNA biosensor for early and quick detection of O. tsutsugamushi in patients suffering from scrub typhus

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel approach has been developed for the detection of 56 kDa tissue-specific antigen (TSA) gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi a causative agent of scrub typhus disease. The approach was developed by immobilization of 5′ NH2 labeled ssDNA probe selective to 56 kDa TSA gene, to the surface of AuNPs/CNF modified screen-printed electrode. An electrochemical response was recorded with single stranded genomic DNA (ssDNA) of O. tsutsugamushi isolated from patient sample, using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrode surface was characterized by Field-Emission Scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy at each step of fabrication. The DNA biosensor shows optimum response within 50-60 s at room temperature (25 ± 3 °C). The sensor shows higher sensitivity [7849 (µA/cm 2 )/ng DNA], fast response time (60 s), wider linear range (0.04-2.6 ng) with limit of detection of 0.02 ng/µl of ssDNA sample.

show abstract

“…Mortality rates range from less than 1.4% to approximately 70%, depending on prior patient immune status, whether proper antibiotic treatment is initiated in a timely manner, and the bacterial strain causing the infection [ 1 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Recent outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] as well as evidence for scrub typhus or scrub typhus-like infections in Cameroon, Kenya, Congo, Djibouti, Tanzania, Chile, and Peru signify these illnesses as both emerging and reemerging diseases of global importance [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Membrane Protein A Conservation among Orientia tsutsugamushi Isolates Suggests Its Potential as a Protective Antigen and Diagnostic Target

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scrub typhus threatens one billion people in the Asia-Pacific area and cases have emerged outside this region. It is caused by infection with any of the multitude of strains of the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. A vaccine that affords heterologous protection and a commercially-available molecular diagnostic assay are lacking. Herein, we determined that the nucleotide and translated amino acid sequences of outer membrane protein A (OmpA) are highly conserved among 51 O. tsutsugamushi isolates. Molecular modeling revealed the predicted tertiary structure of O. tsutsugamushi OmpA to be very similar to that of the phylogenetically-related pathogen, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, including the location of a helix that contains residues functionally essential for A. phagocytophilum infection. PCR primers were developed that amplified ompA DNA from all O. tsutsugamushi strains, but not from negative control bacteria. Using these primers in quantitative PCR enabled sensitive detection and quantitation of O. tsutsugamushi ompA DNA from organs and blood of mice that had been experimentally infected with the Karp or Gilliam strains. The high degree of OmpA conservation among O. tsutsugamushi strains evidences its potential to serve as a molecular diagnostic target and justifies its consideration as a candidate for developing a broadly-protective scrub typhus vaccine.

show abstract

Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi Kawasaki-related genotypes in Shandong Province, northern China

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Diagnosis of scrub typhus: recent advancements and challenges

Diagnosis of scrub typhus: recent advancements and challenges

AuNPs/CNF-modified DNA biosensor for early and quick detection of O. tsutsugamushi in patients suffering from scrub typhus

Outer Membrane Protein A Conservation among Orientia tsutsugamushi Isolates Suggests Its Potential as a Protective Antigen and Diagnostic Target

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About