SDAV, the Rat Coronavirus—How Much Do We Know about It in the Light of Potential Zoonoses

Bartak, Michalina; Słońska, Anna; Banbura, M.; Cymerys, Joanna

doi:10.3390/v13101995

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…As a result, further research into the rodent's potential role in the evolution of CoVs is required to unravel the mysteries of future viral outbreaks (Han et al, 2015). Notably, murine thrive in urban areas and are well-adapted to coexistence with wildlife and humans (Langer and Giessen, 2007;Bartak et al, 2021), and they may spread unidentified CoVs in the community. Such viruses include swine enteric CoVs (SeCoVs), Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), etc.…”

Section: Covs-susceptible Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-species transmission, evolution and zoonotic potential of coronaviruses

Shah²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Coronaviruses (CoVs) continuously evolve, crossing species barriers and spreading across host ranges. Over the last two decades, several CoVs (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) have emerged in animals and mammals, causing significant economic and human life losses. Due to CoV cross-species transmission and the evolution of novel viruses, it is critical to identify their natural reservoiurs and the circumstances under which their transmission occurs. In this review, we use genetic and ecological data to disentangle the evolution of various CoVs in wildlife, humans, and domestic mammals. We thoroughly investigate several host species and outline the epidemiology of CoVs toward specific hosts. We also discuss the cross-species transmission of CoVs at the interface of wildlife, animals, and humans. Clarifying the epidemiology and diversity of species reservoirs will significantly impact our ability to respond to the future emergence of CoVs in humans and domestic animals.

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Section: Covs-susceptible Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-species transmission, evolution and zoonotic potential of coronaviruses

Shah²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The studied sites are highly frequented by humans and were suspected to present a high rat density. We focused our investigation on a limited number of viruses, previously identified in rodents at different locations worldwide [ 9 , 10 , 11 ] based on three criteria: The virus was previously reported in urban brown rats, e.g., Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) [ 12 , 13 ], hepatitis E virus ( Orthohepevirus A , HEV) [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], influenza A virus (IAV) [ 17 ], and coronaviruses [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]; The virus is known to circulate in Austria, i.e., West Nile virus (WNV) [ 21 , 22 ], Usutu virus (USUV) [ 21 , 23 , 24 ], HEV, which was recently detected in urban rats in Vienna [ 25 ], Puumala and Tula orthohantaviruses [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], or neighboring regions, i.e., Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus was reported in urban rats in neighboring Hungary [ 30 ] and orthopoxviruses (cowpox virus), diagnosed in free-roaming Austrian cats most likely following rodent exposure [ 31 ], including zoonotic transmission to humans through direct contact with the poxvirus lesions of the cat [ 32 ]; Rodents are thought to be the natural reservoir for the virus, i.e., encephalomyocarditis virus ( Cardiovirus A , EMCV) [ 33 ]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus was previously reported in urban brown rats, e.g., Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) [ 12 , 13 ], hepatitis E virus ( Orthohepevirus A , HEV) [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], influenza A virus (IAV) [ 17 ], and coronaviruses [ 18 , 19 , 20 ];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Urban Zoonotic Virus Activity: Are City Rats a Promising Surveillance Tool for Emerging Viruses?

Camp

Desvars-Larrive

Nowotny

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Urban environments represent unique ecosystems where dense human populations may come into contact with wildlife species, some of which are established or potential reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens that cause human diseases. Finding practical ways to monitor the presence and/or abundance of zoonotic pathogens is important to estimate the risk of spillover to humans in cities. As brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are ubiquitous in urban habitats, and are hosts of several zoonotic viruses, we conducted longitudinal sampling of brown rats in Vienna, Austria, a large population center in Central Europe. We investigated rat tissues for the presence of several zoonotic viruses, including flaviviruses, hantaviruses, coronaviruses, poxviruses, hepatitis E virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, and influenza A virus. Although we found no evidence of active infections (all were negative for viral nucleic acids) among 96 rats captured between 2016 and 2018, our study supports the findings of others, suggesting that monitoring urban rats may be an efficient way to estimate the activity of zoonotic viruses in urban environments.

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ATPase Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP) Is Involved During the Replication and Egress of Sialodacryoadenitis Virus (SDAV) in Neurons

Bartak,

Krahel,

Chodkowski

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) has been identified as the etiological agent responsible for the respiratory system and salivary gland infections in rats. The existing literature on SDAV infections is insufficient to address the topic adequately, particularly in relation to the central nervous system. In order to ascertain how SDAV gains access to neuronal cells and subsequently exits, our attention was focused on the small molecule valosin-containing protein (VCP), which is an ATPase. VCP is acknowledged for its function in the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of proteins, including those of viral origin. To ascertain the potential influence of VCP on SDAV replication and egress, high-content screening was employed to determine the viral titer and protein content. Western blot analysis was employed to ascertain the relative expression of VCP. Real-time imaging of SDAV-infected cells and confocal imaging for qualitative morphological analysis were conducted. The Eeyarestatin I (EerI) inhibitor was employed to disrupt VCP involvement in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway (ERAD) in both pre- and post-incubation systems, with concentrations of 5 μM/mL and 25 μM/mL, respectively. We demonstrated for the first time that SDAV productively replicates in cultured primary neurons. VCP expression is markedly elevated during SDAV infection. The application of 5 μM/mL EerI in the post-treatment system yielded a statistically significant inhibition of the SDAV yield. It is likely that this modulates the efficacy of virion assembly by arresting viral proteins in the submembrane area.

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SDAV, the Rat Coronavirus—How Much Do We Know about It in the Light of Potential Zoonoses

Cited by 3 publications

References 101 publications

Cross-species transmission, evolution and zoonotic potential of coronaviruses

Cross-species transmission, evolution and zoonotic potential of coronaviruses

Monitoring Urban Zoonotic Virus Activity: Are City Rats a Promising Surveillance Tool for Emerging Viruses?

ATPase Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP) Is Involved During the Replication and Egress of Sialodacryoadenitis Virus (SDAV) in Neurons

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