Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Waste Biomass after Harvesting as a Source of Valuable Biologically Active Compounds with Nutraceutical and Antibacterial Potential

Abstract

For sustainable sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berry production, the task at hand is to find an application for the large amount of biomass waste arising at harvesting. Sea buckthorn (SBT) vegetation is currently poorly studied. The purpose of this research was to assess the composition and potential of SBT twigs as a source of valuable biologically active substances. Water and 50% EtOH extracts of twigs of three Latvian SBT cultivars with a high berry yield and quality, popular for cultivation in many countries (H. rhamnoides ‘Maria Bruvele’, ‘Tatiana’, ‘Botanicheskaya Lubitelskaya’), were investigated for the first time. The phytochemical composition (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis) and biological activity of the obtained hydrophilic extracts were determined. The highest yield of polyphenolic compounds and serotonin was observed for ‘Maria Bruvele’. Hydrophilic extracts were investigated for radical scavenging activity (DPPH˙ test), antibacterial/antifungal activity against five pathogenic bacteria/yeast, cytotoxicity, and the enzymatic activity of alpha-amylase (via in vitro testing), which is extremely important for the treatment of people with underweight, wasting, and malabsorption. The results showed a high potential of sea buckthorn biomass as a source of valuable biologically active compounds for the creation of preparations for the food industry, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.

Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Bacterial, and Anti-Fungal Activity of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins and Extracts Obtained from Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste

“…The cytotoxicity was evaluated to determine the toxic concentration of the extracts and PACs and compared with the anti-microbial concentration observed (MIC) for further analysis of their application in anti-microbial therapy [ 28 , 41 ]. Cytotoxicity of all SBT extracts was tested at a concentration range of 0.0313–4.0 mg/mL.…”

“…Our preliminary studies of the chemical composition of extracts isolated from the waste biomass of sea buckthorn (SBT) and other wood species (grey alder, black alder, willow, pine) by water and aqueous ethanol solutions showed that the PACs are the dominant polyphenolic compounds in the extracts [ 27 ]. In previous research, it was shown that SBT twigs are a valuable and cheap source of PACs, and they have higher anti-microbial activity than extracts by themselves [ 28 ]. In a range of European countries such as Latvia, Estonia, Romania, and Germany, as well as in Canada and China where SBT is cultivated on plantations, a large volume of underutilized lignocellulosic biomass waste forms as a result of agrotechnical measures carried out for SBT twice per year, at yearly industrial harvesting of the berries, which includes cutting the whole branch (20% of the berries’ mass) and pruning (90% of SBT plantation biomass every fourth year, almost a full cut of the whole shrub tree) [ 28 ].…”

Eco-Friendly Adhesives Based on the Oligomeric Condensed Tannins-Rich Extract from Alder Bark for Particleboard and Plywood Production

“…CTs content in the extracts was measured by the butanol–HCl method [ 35 ] using procyanidin dimer B2 as a reference compound. Amounts of 6 mL of acid butanol (5% ( v / v ) concentrated HCl in n-butanol) and 0.2 mL of iron reagent ( w / v ) (FeNH 4 (SO 4 ) 2 ∙12 H 2 O in 2 M HCl) were added to 1 mL of the extract aliquots whilst stirring the tube without heating and allowing it to be heated in a water bath at 80 °C for 50 min.…”

“…The total amounts of the carbohydrate in the extracts were determined using GC analysis after hydrolysis, reduction, and acetylation as described by Janceva et al [ 35 ]. Gas chromatographic analysis was performed using an Agilent 6850 Series: column—DB-1701; length—30 m; internal diameter—0.25 mm; layer thickness—0.25 µm.…”

A comparative assessment of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) pruning waste as a potential source of serotonin

“…Currently, special attention is paid to the complex and waste-free processing of SBT with the maximum extraction of biologically active substances and the expansion of the range of preparations from the SBT (Janceva et al 2022). In folk medicine, a decoction of leaves is used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, ulcers, and microbial infections (Suryakumar and Gupta 2011;Yue et al 2017;Letchamo et al 2018).…”