Sea Buckthorn Pulp Oil Treatment Prevents Atherosclerosis in Obese Children

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of sea buckthorn pulp oil treatment (800 mg/day for 60 days) on inflammatory, systemic oxidative/reductive status and endothelial function, in obese children. A total of 41 obese children (10–18 years old) and thirty controls were enrolled. The measurements were done before and after pulp oil administration. Ultrasounds were used for flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) measurements and colorimetric and ELISA methods for biochemical parameters. In the obese children versus the lean ones, increased oxidative stress (high malonyldialdehyde, high respiratory burst (RB)), low antioxidant defence (low blood glutathione, low TEAC), inflammatory status (high CRP, ceruloplasmin), adipocytokines disturbance (low adiponectin and high leptin), insulin resistance (high fasting C peptide), low FMD (P<0.001), and high IMT (P<0.01) were measured. Treatment reduced total cholesterol (P<0.03), triglycerides (P<0.01), RB (P<0.03), leptin (P<0.049), ceruloplasmin (P<0.01), fasting C peptide (P<0.01), blood pressure (P<0.01), and IMT (P<0.03). In conclusion, sea buckthorn pulp oil treatment prevents atherosclerosis by lowering triglyceridemia, cholesterolemia, and blood pressure (strong effects) and by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance (weak effects).

Obese Childhood Dyslipidemia Management Beyond Statins — MUFA, PUFA, and Sea-buckthorn Supplements

“…The multiple associations of atherogenic index with dyslipidemia, antropometric, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers underline that in obesity there is a cluster of patogenic mechanisms that contribute to atherosclerosis. Also, the atherogenic indexes were associated with subclinical atherosclerotic disease markers as carotid intima media thickness-CIMT (positive correlation) ( Figure 4) and with brachial artery flow-mediated dilation-FMD (Flow Mediated Dilatation (negative correlation) ( Figure 5) [104,105]. By hydrolyzing the glutathione, the GGT has a pro-oxidant effect.…”

“…There is a paucity of studies on systemic oxidative stress in childhood obesity but almost all of them have demonstrated higher levels of serum malonyldialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation. There is a direct relation between dyslipidemia and lipid peroxidation and both contribute to a pro-inflammatory phenotype in childhood obesity [105,106,107] (Figure 5). NADPH oxidase activity (respiratory burst) in monocytes is increased in childhood obesity and together with serum lipid peroxidation contributes to an increased systemic oxidative stress [105].…”

“…The treatment (800 mg/day, for 60 days) with Sea-buckthorn pulp oil (obtained by cold pressing) reduced significantly the total plasma cholesterol, the apo B/apo A-I ratio and the plasma triglycerides. A weak improvement of HDL-c and LDLc levels was noticed [105]. We consider that the composition of the Sea-buckthorn pulp oil rich in MUFA and phytosterols is responsible for this effect [108].…”

“…In our study, treatment with Sea-buckthorn pulp oil reduced ALT activity and triglyceridemia and improved blood pressure levels. By reducing triglyceridemia and by improving the blood pressure levels, Seabuckthorn pulp oil may prevent metabolic syndrome in obese children [105,113]. The study underlines that treatment with Sea-buckthorn pulp oil should be recommended in hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype obese children.…”

“…Some of the most important effects for Omega-3 supplements and Sea-buckthorn pulp oil supplements are to prevent atherosclerosis and to reverse the CIMT values [105,109].…”