2012
DOI: 10.5931/djim.v8i2.282
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Sea level rise impacts in coastal zones: Soft measures to cope with it

Abstract: Sea level rise impacts are projected to cause multiple negative consequences in coastal zones such as coastal erosion, flooding, flood-related health problems, property damage, and socio-economic impacts. Thus, it is imperative to assess adaptation measures to minimize these devastating projections. Several strategies that respond to sea level rise (such as Retreat, Accommodate, Protect) have been developed. Within the Protect Responsive Strategy, "hard" and "soft" adaptation options have been widely implement… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Their positive impacts on the environment include capacity to enhance natural coastal environment, increase resilience, control erosion, and a greater costeffectiveness compared to hard protection measures (Abel et al 2011;Alexander et al 2012;Cisneros Linares 2013;Lee 2014;Tobey et al 2010;van Wesenbeeck et al 2014). They are also important for enhancing environmental amenity and the recreational value of the coastal zone (Bray et al 1997;Cisneros Linares 2013;Douglas et al 2012). They provide natural scenery and are aesthetically more pleasing compared to hard protection structures (Abel et al 2011;Cisneros Linares 2013).…”
Section: Ecosystem-based Structural Measuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Their positive impacts on the environment include capacity to enhance natural coastal environment, increase resilience, control erosion, and a greater costeffectiveness compared to hard protection measures (Abel et al 2011;Alexander et al 2012;Cisneros Linares 2013;Lee 2014;Tobey et al 2010;van Wesenbeeck et al 2014). They are also important for enhancing environmental amenity and the recreational value of the coastal zone (Bray et al 1997;Cisneros Linares 2013;Douglas et al 2012). They provide natural scenery and are aesthetically more pleasing compared to hard protection structures (Abel et al 2011;Cisneros Linares 2013).…”
Section: Ecosystem-based Structural Measuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are also important for enhancing environmental amenity and the recreational value of the coastal zone (Bray et al 1997;Cisneros Linares 2013;Douglas et al 2012). They provide natural scenery and are aesthetically more pleasing compared to hard protection structures (Abel et al 2011;Cisneros Linares 2013). They also provide many goods and services for humans including water storage and groundwater recharge capacity (Tobey et al 2010) as well as more potential for tourism activities (Cisneros Linares 2013).…”
Section: Ecosystem-based Structural Measuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Hard measures consist of the use of physical (engineering) structures. Soft or ecosystem-based measures focus on natural solutions (Cisneros Linares, 2013;Douglas et al, 2012). Structural measures can include both hard protection (such as seawalls, dikes, dams) as well as soft measures (typically beach nourishment and protection or construction of salt marshes and wetlands, etc.)…”
Section: Coastal Climate Adaptationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ranger et al (2010, p. 12) defines adaptation as "the measures and policies that aim to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and take advantage of any new opportunities". In 1990, the IPCC categorised the adaptation responses to sea level rise as protect, accommodate or retreat (Cisneros Linares, 2012;Gilbert & Vellinga, 1990). Protection is the construction of sea walls and other infrastructure to restrict the water level from going inland.…”
Section: Climate Change and Sea Level Risementioning
confidence: 99%