Sea surface salinity estimates from spaceborne L-band radiometers: An overview of the first decade of observation (2010–2019)

Reul, Nicolás; Grodsky, Semyon A.; Arias, Manuel; Boutin, Jacqueline; Catany, Rafael; Chapron, Bertrand; D'Amico, Francesco; Dinnat, Emmanuel P.; Donlon, Craig; Fore, Alexander; Fournier, Séverine; Guimbard, Sébastien; Hasson, Audrey; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Lagerloef, Gary; Lee, Tong; Vine, David M. Le; Lindstrom, Eric; Maes, Christophe; Mecklenburg, Susanne; Meißner, Thomas; Olmedo, Estrella; Sabia, Roberto; Tenerelli, Joseph; Thouvenin-Masson, Clovis; Turiel, Antonio; Vergely, Jean‐Luc; Vinogradova, Nadya; Wentz, F. J.; Yueh, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.rse.2020.111769

Cited by 169 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 239 publications

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“…A core product for this study is the ESA CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative) version 1.8 Sea Surface Salinity (Sea_Surface_Salinity_cci) available from 2010 to 2018 (Boutin et al, 2019 (Boutin et al, 2018). The European SMOS mission consists of a sunsynchronous polar-orbiting satellite (Font et al, 2009;Kerr et al, 2010;Reul et al, 2020). Its orbit covers the entire globe within 3 days and the retrieved SSS has a spatial resolution of ~45…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Instability Waves in the Atlantic Ocean: Investigating the Relative Role of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature From 2010 to 2018

et al. 2020

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HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Instability Waves in the Atlantic Ocean: Investigating the Relative Role of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature From 2010 to 2018

et al. 2020

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“…For simplicity, in the above equation, we neglect the Faraday rotation (a Faraday rotation is applied in the SMOS data processing used in the following). We detail below the components of the forward model (1) involving sea surface emissivity: -Tbflat is related to the dielectric constant of sea water, , through the power Fresnel reflection coefficients, R: With θ the incidence angle, v and h indices indicating vertical and horizontal polarisation. In the SMOS L2OS algorithm, the complex sea water dielectric constant is modelled following the Klein and Swift [8] formulation (KS hereafter); see section C.…”

Section: A Smos Standard Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, sea surface emissivity depends on the dielectric constant of sea water, which, in turn, depends on salinity and temperature for low microwave frequencies. Taking advantage of this property, SSS has been successfully retrieved from space since 2010 through L-band radiometer measurements onboard the SMOS, Aquarius and SMAP satellite missions (see reviews of scientific achievements in Reul et al [1] and Vinogradova et al [2]). Nevertheless, given the weak sensitivity of L-band brightness temperatures (Tb) to SSS (from ~0.7 K.pss -1 in warm waters to 0.2 K.pss -1 in cold waters for a nadir view), the accuracy of the retrieved SSS critically depends on the accuracy of radiometric measurements and on the quality of the Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) of the contributions to L-band Tb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correcting Sea Surface Temperature Spurious Effects in Salinity Retrieved From Spaceborne L-Band Radiometer Measurements

Boutin

Vergely

Dinnat

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Earlier studies have pointed out systematic differences between sea surface salinity retrieved from Lband radiometric measurements and measured in situ, which depend on sea surface temperature (SST). We investigate how to cope with these differences given existing physically based radiative transfer models. In order to study differences coming from seawater dielectric constant parametrization, we consider the model of Somaraju and Trumpf (2006) (ST) which is built on sound physical bases and close to a single relaxation term Debye equation. While ST model uses fewer empirically adjusted parameters than other dielectric constant models currently used in salinity retrievals, ST dielectric constants are found close to those obtained using the Meissner and Wentz (2012) (MW) model. The ST parametrization is then slightly modified in order to achieve a better fit with seawater dielectric constant inferred from SMOS data. Upgraded dielectric constant model is intermediate between KS and MW models. Systematic differences between SMOS and in situ salinity are reduced to less than +/-0.2 above 0 °C and within +/-0.05 between 7 °C and 28 °C. Aquarius salinity becomes closer to in situ salinity, and within +/-0.1. The order of magnitude of remaining differences is very similar to the one achieved with the Aquarius version 5 empirical adjustment of wind model SST dependence. The upgraded parametrization is recommended for use in processing the SMOS data. Further assessment or improvement using new laboratory measurements should consider keeping the physics-based formulation by ST that has been shown here to be very efficient.

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“…Three L-band satellite missions have been launched, including European Space Agency (ESA)’s Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity mission (SMOS), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE)’s Aquarius/SAC-D mission and NASA’s Soil Moisture Active-Passive missions (SMAP). It appears that two diverse but suitable approaches are identified to be L-band microwave radiometry, while using interferometric system like the SMOS, and using large-size real aperture antenna regarding the Aquarius/SAC-D and the SMAP [ 6 ]. SMOS, operated since the end of 2009, was the first space-borne interferometric radiometer system that addressed the global measurements of SSS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of a L-band radiometer with a L-band radar enabled SMAP to observe soil moisture with high spatial resolution [ 11 ]. Unfortunately, Aquarius stopped operating on 7 June 2015 due to hardware failure, and SMAP also lost its radar instrument in mid 2015 due to an anomaly in the high-power amplifier [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Antenna Array Orientation Performance of the Interferometric Microwave Radiometer (IMR) Onboard the Chinese Ocean Salinity Satellite

Li¹,

Lin

Yin³

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The Chinese Ocean Salinity Satellite is designed to monitor global sea-surface salinity (SSS). One of the main payloads onboard the Chinese Ocean Salinity Satellite, named the Interferometric Microwave Radiometer (IMR), is a two-dimensional interferometric radiometer system with an L-band, Y-shaped antenna array. The comparison of two different array orientations is analyzed by an end-to-end simulation based on the configuration of the IMR. Simulation results of the different array orientations are presented and analyzed, including the brightness temperature (TB) images, the distribution of the incidence angles in the field of view, the TB radiometric resolutions, the spatial resolutions, the number of measurements in the Earth grid and the expected SSS accuracy. From the simulations we conclude that one of the array orientations has better performance for SSS inversion than the other one. The advantages mainly result in wider swath and better SSS accuracy at the edge of the swath, which then improve the accuracy of the monthly SSS after averaging. The differences of the Sun’s effects for two different array orientations are also presented. The analysis in this paper provides the guidance and reference for the in-orbit design of the array orientation for the IMR.

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Sea surface salinity estimates from spaceborne L-band radiometers: An overview of the first decade of observation (2010–2019)

Cited by 169 publications

References 239 publications

Tropical Instability Waves in the Atlantic Ocean: Investigating the Relative Role of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature From 2010 to 2018

Tropical Instability Waves in the Atlantic Ocean: Investigating the Relative Role of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature From 2010 to 2018

Correcting Sea Surface Temperature Spurious Effects in Salinity Retrieved From Spaceborne L-Band Radiometer Measurements

Analysis of the Antenna Array Orientation Performance of the Interferometric Microwave Radiometer (IMR) Onboard the Chinese Ocean Salinity Satellite

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