Sea Turtles in the Cancer Risk Landscape: A Global Meta-Analysis of Fibropapillomatosis Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

Dujon, Antoine; Schofield, Gail; Venegas, Roberto M.; Thomas, Frédéric; Újvári, Beáta

doi:10.3390/pathogens10101295

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Herpesviruses are horizontally transmitted from one infected host to another by bodily fluid such as saliva, mucus, or direct physical contact [15,22]. Horizontal transmission of ChHV5 has been reported to occur through viral particle shredding in the water [36,37]. The dispersal and virulence of the viral particle are influenced by the water temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Evidence of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Infection in Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Sabah, Borneo

2021

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Fibropapillomatosis (FP) of sea turtles is characterised by cutaneous tumours and is associated with Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5), an alphaherpesvirus from the family Herpesviridae. Here, we provide the first evidence of ChHV5-associated FP in endangered Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Sabah, which is located at the northern region of Malaysian Borneo. The aims of our study were firstly, to determine the presence of ChHV5 in both tumour exhibiting and tumour-free turtles using molecular techniques and secondly, to determine the phylogeography of ChHV5 in Sabah. We also aim to provide evidence of ChHV5 infection through histopathological examinations. A total of 115 Green turtles were sampled from Mabul Island, Sabah. We observed three Green turtles that exhibited FP tumours and were positive for ChHV5. In addition, six clinically healthy turtles (with no presence of tumours) were also positive for the virus based on Polymerase Chain Reaction of three viral genes (Capsid protein gene UL18, Glycoprotein H gene UL22, and Glycoprotein B gene UL27). The prevalence of the ChHV5 was 5.22% in asymptomatic Green turtles. Epidermal intranuclear inclusions were identified in tumour lesions upon histopathological examination. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of the UL18, UL22, UL27, and UL30 gene sequences showed a worldwide distribution of the ChHV5 strain with no clear distinction based on geographical location suggesting an interoceanic connection and movement of the sea turtles. Thus, the emergence of ChHV5 in Green turtles in the waters of Sabah could indicate a possible threat to sea turtle populations in the future and requires further monitoring of the populations along the Bornean coast.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dispersal and virulence of the viral particle are influenced by the water temperature. It was reported that herpesvirus remains infectious at 23-30 • C as higher temperatures are documented to enhance herpesviruses replication [36,37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Evidence of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Infection in Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Sabah, Borneo

2021

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“…Human activities are increasingly degrading the environment, often creating evolutionary mismatches between the risk of developing malignancies and the effectiveness of natural cancer defences [1]. As a result, many wildlife species are now developing cancers [2][3][4][5][6]. Because of the exacerbated need to activate anti-cancer defences [7], and/or because of the adverse effects of the disease itself [8], many phenotypic traits are substantially altered in these individuals, which may even ultimately influence ecosystem functioning [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural ecology meets oncology: quantifying the recovery of animal behaviour to a transient exposure to a cancer risk factor

Klaassen,

Tissot,

Meliani

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Wildlife is increasingly exposed to sublethal transient cancer risk factors, including mutagenic substances, which activates their anti-cancer defences, promotes tumourigenesis, and may negatively impact populations. Little is known about how exposure to cancer risk factors impacts the behaviour of wildlife. Here, we investigated the effects of a sublethal, short-term exposure to a carcinogen at environmentally relevant concentrations on the activity patterns of wild Girardia tigrina planaria during a two-phase experiment, consisting of a 7-day exposure to cadmium period followed by a 7-day recovery period. To comprehensively explore the effects of the exposure on activity patterns, we employed the double hierarchical generalized linear model framework which explicitly models residual intraindividual variability in addition to the mean and variance of the population. We found that exposed planaria were less active compared to unexposed individuals and were able to recover to pre-exposure activity levels albeit with a reduced variance in activity at the start of the recovery phase. Planaria showing high activity levels were less predictable with larger daily activity variations and higher residual variance. Thus, the shift in behavioural variability induced by an exposure to a cancer risk factor can be quantified using advanced tools from the field of behavioural ecology. This is required to understand how tumourous processes affect the ecology of species.

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“…Indeed, a characteristic shared by virtually all zoo animals is that they are, for a variety of reasons, cleared of a fraction of their parasitic load (Hosey et al, 2009). This provides a unique experimental context for exploring the hygiene hypothesis of pathologies, including cancer (Dujon, Schofield, et al, 2021). Several mechanisms suggest infections by parasites may offer protection from cancer in mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer hygiene hypothesis: A test from wild captive mammals

Dujon,

Jeanjean,

Vincze

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The hygiene hypothesis, according to which the recent reduction of exposure to infectious agents in the human species would be the origin of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and cancer, has often been proposed but not properly tested on animals. Here, we evaluated the relevance of this hypothesis to cancer risk in mammals in an original way, namely by using information on zoo mammals. We predicted that a higher richness of parasitic cohorts in the species' natural habitat would result in a greater occurrence of evolutionary mismatch due to the reduction of parasites in captive conditions. This, in turn, could contribute to an increased risk of developing lethal cancers. Using a comparative analysis of 112 mammalian species, we explored the potential relationship between cancer risk and parasite species richness using generalized phylogenetic least squares regressions to relate parasite species richness to cancer risk data. We found no strong evidence that parasite species richness increased cancer risk in zoo mammals for any of the parasite groups we tested. Without constituting definitive proof of the irrelevance of the hygienic hypothesis, our comparative study using zoo mammals does not support it, at least with respect to cancer risks.

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Sea Turtles in the Cancer Risk Landscape: A Global Meta-Analysis of Fibropapillomatosis Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

Cited by 24 publications

References 127 publications

First Evidence of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Infection in Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Sabah, Borneo

First Evidence of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Infection in Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Sabah, Borneo

Behavioural ecology meets oncology: quantifying the recovery of animal behaviour to a transient exposure to a cancer risk factor

Cancer hygiene hypothesis: A test from wild captive mammals

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