Sea Water Intrusion in California

Banks, Harvey O.; Richter, Raymond C.; Harder, J.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1957.tb16738.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, water needs in this area are so great that more drastic measures are needed to prevent intrusion. An experimental fresh-water barrier along 3 km of the coast of Santa Monica Bay was constructed in 1950 by injection of fresh water into wells spaced about 150 meters apart 600 meters inland from the shore (Banks, Richter, and Harder, 1957). By this method the water table in the aquifer was built above sea level as a long ridge, reportedly with little loss of fresh water to the sea.…”

Section: Fresh Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

The sea off southern California; a modern habitat of petroleum

Emery¹

1960

100

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Section: Fresh Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

The sea off southern California; a modern habitat of petroleum

Emery¹

1960

100

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“…Seawater intrusion into aquifers occurs in many areas of the world, including, for example, Barcelona, Spain (Custodio 1987), Sonora, Mexico (Steinich et al 1998, California, USA (Banks et al 1957), and the Biscayne aquifer, Florida, USA (Kohout 1960). Generally, intrusion results from overexploitation of aquifers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemistry and cation-exchange processes in the coastal aquifer of Mar Del Plata, Argentina

Martínez

Bocanegra

2002

Hydrogeology Journal

129

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The aquifer of Mar del Plata is unconfined and composed of silt and fine sand. The sand fraction is mainly quartz, potassium feldspars, chalcedony, and gypsum. Volcanic-glass shards (40-60%) dominate the silt fraction, and the clays are of the smectite and illite groups. Calcium carbonate, in caliche form, constitutes about 10-20% of the sediment.Groundwater flow is from west to east, and discharge is in the Atlantic Ocean. Because of overexploitation, the flow direction was reversed in a coastal belt about 3.5 km wide, and this has resulted in seawater intrusion. The groundwater is the CaHCO 3 type in the recharge zone, and becomes NaHCO 3 type towards the discharge area. Salinization by marine intrusion and seawater/ fresh-water mixing produces an increase in the major-ion concentrations of the groundwater. The calcium content of the groundwater is higher and the sodium content is lower than those that would be expected if the mixing is considered as just the addition of seawater and fresh water in determined proportions without reactive processes taking place.Hydrogeochemical modeling was applied to the study of hydrogeochemical processes, mainly cation exchange, using the codes NETPATH and PHREEQM. Calcite and gypsum equilibrium, together with cation exchange, are the main hydrogeochemical processes. Cation-exchange capacity of the solid phase was determined by empirical calculations and experimental methods. The affinity order for the groundwater in contact with the aquifer ma-trix is Ca>Mg>Na in the regional-flow system, but the order is reversed in the salinization process. Reactive transport modeling using the code PHREEQM is useful for analyzing cation exchange in a marine-intrusion process.

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“…Remedial measures undertaken there since the 1940's to control the situation have been described in many published reports, for example, that of Banks, Richter, and Harder (1957). Sea-water intrusion was controlled by injecting fresh water through wells into the contaminated aquifer close to the shoreline so as to build up a fresh-water barrier.…”

Section: Salt-water Intrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water

1970

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Sea Water Intrusion in California

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

The sea off southern California; a modern habitat of petroleum

The sea off southern California; a modern habitat of petroleum

Hydrogeochemistry and cation-exchange processes in the coastal aquifer of Mar Del Plata, Argentina

Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water

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