Seahorse <i><scp>TLR</scp>5</i> gene responses to <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> infection, which in combination with scuticociliates causes heavy reductions in seahorse aquaculture

Qin, Geng; Zhang, Yuan; Zhang, Bo; Wang, Xin; Yin, Jingdong; Lin, Qiang

doi:10.1111/jfd.12893

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Research building on our previous studies in lined seahorse ( Hippocampus erectus ) and tiger tail seahorse ( Hippocampus comes ) (Lin et al, ; Qin, Zhang, Zhang, et al, ) identified nine TLR genes expressed in seahorse brood pouches. To further screen the key TLR gene that plays a functional role in lined seahorse ( Hippocampus erectus ) brood pouch immune systems, we detected the expression patterns of the nine TLR genes through qualitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Paternal transgenerational immune priming in the brood pouch is vital for the proper development of embryos (Cristina, K., Wong, B.B.M., & Lieschke, G.J., ; Roth, Klein, Beemelmanns, Scharsack, & Reusch, ). Disease, especially during reproductive periods, is a bottleneck in seahorse aquaculture (Declercq et al, ; Qin, Zhang, Zhang, et al, ; Wang, Zhang, Qin, Luo, & Lin, ). During male pregnancy, the embryos in the brood pouch are frequently infected by pathogenic bacteria (LePage, ; Sanaye et al, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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TLR2 gene in seahorse brood pouch plays key functional roles in LPS‐induced antibacterial responses

Zhang

Qin

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

TLR2 gene in seahorse brood pouch plays key functional roles in LPS‐induced antibacterial responses

Zhang

Qin

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…In the present study, during infection, the deficient strain of fliA showed blocked flagellar synthesis, and expression of Toll-like receptor 5 ( tlr5 ) was decreased, as expected. tlr5 specifically recognizes flagellin [10,44] and can induce expression of several proinflammatory cytokine genes, such as il-1β and tnfα [45,46], the latter of which is activated by arachidonic acid in Kupper cells [47]. In the present study, fliA RNAi in P. plecoglossicida resulted in downregulation of il-1β and tnfα expression in the host, as well as il-6 , il-8 and il-12 , which are known to be regulated by Toll-like receptor 4 ( tlr4 ) [48,49,50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flagella are an important structure in bacteria and are widely recognized to be involved in their pathogenesis [1,2]. For example, flagella contribute to the virulence of prokaryotic pathogens by promoting adherence [3,4] and the formation of bacterial biofilms [5,6], exporting virulent factors via the type III secretion system [7,8], and activating inflammation via the recognition of Toll-like receptor 5 [9,10]. More than 50 genes are involved in the synthesis of flagella, and they are expressed in a strictly regulated and hierarchical manner [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual RNA-Seq Unveils the Role of the Pseudomonas plecoglossicida fliA Gene in Pathogen-Host Interaction with Larimichthys crocea

et al. 2019

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In the present study, Larimichthys crocea and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida were selected as a host-pathogen interaction model for teleosts and prokaryotic pathogens. Five shRNAs were designed and synthesized to silence the fliA gene, all of which resulted in pronounced reductions in fliA mRNA; the mutant strain with the best silencing efficiency of 92.16% was chosen for subsequent analysis. A significant decrease in motility, intracellular survival and escape was observed for the fliA-RNAi strain of P. plecoglossicida, whereby silencing of the fliA gene led to a 30% decrease in mortality and a four-day delay in the onset of infection in L. crocea. Moreover, silencing of P. plecoglossicida fliA resulted in a significant change in both the pathogen and host transcriptome in the spleens of infected L. crocea. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of pathogen transcriptome data showed that silencing fliA resulted in downregulation of 18 flagellum-related genes; KEGG analysis of host transcriptome data revealed that infection with the fliA-RNAi strain caused upregulation of 47 and downregulation of 106 immune-related genes. These pathogen-host interactions might facilitate clearance of P. plecoglossicida by L. crocea, with a significant decrease in fliA-RNAi P. plecoglossicida strain virulence in L. crocea.

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“…A variety of seahorse diseases have been reported to cause mass mortalities and damage to aquaculture operations, including bacterial, fungal, viral, parasitic, and noninfectious diseases [182,218]. For example, vibriosis is a bacterial infection found in aquarium and aquaculture operations worldwide, causing severe ulcers in the skin of species such as H. kuda [218][219][220], while other microbes can cause enteritis, which is also found in other cultured fish species [221][222][223][224][225]. Thus, apart from the problems these pathogens create for current aquaculture operations and the extra control and prevention measures that are required, the pathogens pose a danger to other fish species [218].…”

Section: Challenges In Seahorse Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Seahorse Species (Hippocampus spp.) in the International Aquarium Trade

Koning

Hoeksema

2021

Diversity

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Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are threatened as a result of habitat degradation and overfishing. They have commercial value as traditional medicine, curio objects, and pets in the aquarium industry. There are 48 valid species, 27 of which are represented in the international aquarium trade. Most species in the aquarium industry are relatively large and were described early in the history of seahorse taxonomy. In 2002, seahorses became the first marine fishes for which the international trade became regulated by CITES (Convention for the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), with implementation in 2004. Since then, aquaculture has been developed to improve the sustainability of the seahorse trade. This review provides analyses of the roles of wild-caught and cultured individuals in the international aquarium trade of various Hippocampus species for the period 1997–2018. For all species, trade numbers declined after 2011. The proportion of cultured seahorses in the aquarium trade increased rapidly after their listing in CITES, although the industry is still struggling to produce large numbers of young in a cost-effective way, and its economic viability is technically challenging in terms of diet and disease. Whether seahorse aquaculture can benefit wild populations will largely depend on its capacity to provide an alternative livelihood for subsistence fishers in the source countries. For most species, CITES trade records of live animals in the aquarium industry started a few years earlier than those of dead bodies in the traditional medicine trade, despite the latter being 15 times higher in number. The use of DNA analysis in the species identification of seahorses has predominantly been applied to animals in the traditional medicine market, but not to the aquarium trade. Genetic tools have already been used in the description of new species and will also help to discover new species and in various other kinds of applications.

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Seahorse TLR5 gene responses to Vibrio vulnificus infection, which in combination with scuticociliates causes heavy reductions in seahorse aquaculture

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

TLR2 gene in seahorse brood pouch plays key functional roles in LPS‐induced antibacterial responses

TLR2 gene in seahorse brood pouch plays key functional roles in LPS‐induced antibacterial responses

Dual RNA-Seq Unveils the Role of the Pseudomonas plecoglossicida fliA Gene in Pathogen-Host Interaction with Larimichthys crocea

Diversity of Seahorse Species (Hippocampus spp.) in the International Aquarium Trade

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