Seamounts: Deep-Ocean Laboratories of Faunal Connectivity, Evolution, and Endemism

Shank, Timothy M.

doi:10.5670/oceanog.2010.65

Cited by 100 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The main flow of water across the Hawaiian portion of the chain is from southwest to northeast (Uchida & Uchiyama 1986), and this could mean that connectivity is not as good as might be expected. However, eddies are caused by the seamounts as the current flows through them, and this may retain larvae in the area and facilitate transfer from one seamount to the next (Lavelle & Mohn 2010, Shank 2010. The evidence we reviewed on the wider distribution of the 49 species recorded from only one seamount showed that if they are to be found elsewhere in the Pacific it is usually to the west towards the Indonesian archipelago and the northeast coast of Australia (as shown on the Encyclopaedia of Life; www.eol.org).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

Hart¹,

Pearson²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Seamounts can be considered as islands in the deep. For many species, depth is just as much a barrier to dispersal as is the water between oceanic islands. This leads to the hypothesis that seamounts could be places where speciation readily occurs. Recent advances in the theory of island biogeography have allowed some detailed predictions about the degree of endemism and the diversity of species on oceanic islands. We have adapted this theory to seamounts, as underwater equivalents of islands. Three elements of this theory were tested as an illustration of what could be done, using published data on the diversity of reef-dwelling and benthic fish species found along the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain in the Pacific. Poor sampling makes it impossible at present to test the hypothesis that endemism is a humped function of seamount age. The data agrees with a further prediction that the total number of species is a humped function of seamount age. Finally, the prediction that fish diversity should be a function of seamount age and area is unsupported. We propose that the theory we have attempted to test could serve as a guide to what fish diversity might be expected from further sampling work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Levels of diversity and rates of endemism on seamounts have been reviewed by Stocks & Hart (2007) and Shank (2010). At present, estimates of species diversity for any group are beset by problems derived from sampling.…”

Section: Diversity and Levels Of Endemism In The Fish Communities Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

Hart¹,

Pearson²

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Mining activities on seamounts, especially targeting hydrogenous ferromanganese crusts and polymetallic sulphides, which could be exploited for base metals, such as copper, zinc, and lead, or for precious and high-tech metals is likely in the near future (Hein et al, 2010), as such exploratory mineral mining has already been conducted. Mining activities will be destructive in the impacted area (habitat loss or degradation of habitat quality; connectivity and biodiversity loss; reducing biodiversity; local, regional, or global extinction of rare taxa; loss of potential biological resources) but will also affect the benthic fauna (and especially suspension feeders) in the surrounding seamount areas by substantially increasing the sediment load and water turbidity (Gubbay, 2003;Rogers, 2004;Shank, 2010). However, Hein et al (2010) consider the effects of mining to be substantially less than those of deep-sea trawling.…”

Section: Seamounts Knolls and Banks (Eunis A672)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of goods and services, vulnerability, and conservation status of European seabed biotopes: a stepping stone towards ecosystem-based marine spatial management

et al. 2012

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The goal of ecosystem-based marine spatial management is to maintain marine ecosystems in a healthy, productive and resilient condition; hence, they can sustainably provide the needed goods and services for human welfare. However, the increasing pressures upon the marine realm threaten marine ecosystems, especially seabed biotopes, and thus a well-planned approach of managing use of marine space is essential to achieve sustainability. The relative value of seabed biotopes, evaluated on the basis of goods and services, is an important starting point for the spatial management of marine areas. Herein, 56 types of European seabed biotopes and their related goods, services, sensitivity issues, and conservation status were compiled, the latter referring to management and protection tools which currently apply for these biotopes at European or international level. Fishing activities, especially by benthic trawls, and marine pollution are the main threats to European seabed biotopes. Increased seawater turbidity, dredged sediment disposal, coastal constructions, biological invasions, mining, extraction of raw materials, shipping-related activities, tourism, hydrocarbon exploration, and even some practices of scientific research, also exert substantial pressure. Although some first steps have been taken to protect the European sea beds through international agreements and European and national legislation, a finer scale of classification and assessment of marine biotopes is considered crucial in shaping sound priorities and management guidelines towards the effective conservation and sustainability of European marine resources.

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“…Shank 2010;Stocks et al 2012). Seamounts are considered to act as ''stepping stones'' for species dispersal (Almada et al 2001;Á vila and Malaquias 2003;Santos et al 1995;Shank 2010;Xavier and van Soest 2007), bridging large oceanic areas in particular for shelf and slope dwelling species. Recently, studies of seamount ecosystems have received a great deal of attention by the scientific community, due to their role as habitat providers for benthopelagic fishes and important spots for great pelagics (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fish fauna of Ampère Seamount (NE Atlantic) and the adjacent abyssal plain

et al. 2014

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An inventory of benthic and benthopelagic fishes is presented as a result of two exploratory surveys around Ampère Seamount, between Madeira and the Portuguese mainland, covering water depths from 60 to 4,400 m. A total of 239 fishes were collected using different types of sampling gear. Three chondrichthyan species and 31 teleosts in 21 families were identified. The collections showed a vertical zonation with little overlap, but indications for an affinity of species to certain water masses were only vague. Although most of the species present new records for Ampère Seamount, all of them have been known for the NE Atlantic; endemic species were not found. The comparison with fish communities at other NE Atlantic seamounts indicates that despite a high ichthyofaunal similarity, which supports the ''stepping stone'' hypothesis of species dispersal, some differences can be attributed to the local features of the seamounts.

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Seamounts: Deep-Ocean Laboratories of Faunal Connectivity, Evolution, and Endemism

Cited by 100 publications

References 34 publications

An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

Assessment of goods and services, vulnerability, and conservation status of European seabed biotopes: a stepping stone towards ecosystem-based marine spatial management

The fish fauna of Ampère Seamount (NE Atlantic) and the adjacent abyssal plain

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Seamounts: Deep-Ocean Laboratories of Faunal Connectivity, Evolution, and Endemism

Cited by 100 publications

References 34 publications

An application of the theory of island ­biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

An application of the theory of island ­biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

Assessment of goods and services, vulnerability, and conservation status of European seabed biotopes: a stepping stone towards ecosystem-based marine spatial management

The fish fauna of Ampère Seamount (NE Atlantic) and the adjacent abyssal plain

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Product

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An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts

An application of the theory of island biogeography to fish speciation on seamounts