Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-based amplifier

Su, Haowen; Wang, Yuanhong; Jiang, Min; Ji, Wei; Fadeev, Pavel; Hu, D.; Peng, Xinhua; Budker, Dmitry

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abi9535

Cited by 51 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Magnetometer and comagnetometer technology has been applied to a wide variety of experiments searching for new spin-dependent interactions. Experiments using spin-based sensors and spectroscopy have been able to search for interactions with ranges from the nanometer-scale [166][167][168][169][170][171] to the Earth-scale [156,157,[172][173][174][175], and have probed interactions of protons [166,170,175,176], neutrons [151,156,157,177,178], electrons [179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192], and even antimatter [193,194]. To get an overall idea of the state-of-the-art in experimental methods, a representative survey of the use of spin-based sensor technology in searches for the monopole-dipole interaction described by Eq.…”

Section: Searches For Exotic Spin-dependent Interactions Using Magnet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Sensors for High Precision Measurements of Spin-dependent Interactions

Budker¹,

Cecil²,

Chupp³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The applications of spin-based quantum sensors to measurements probing fundamental physics are surveyed. Experimental methods and technologies developed for quantum information science have rapidly advanced in recent years, and these tools enable increasingly precise control and measurement of spin dynamics. Theories of beyond-the-Standard-Model physics predict, for example, symmetry violating electromagnetic moments aligned with particle spins, exotic spin-dependent forces, coupling of spins to ultralight bosonic dark matter fields, and changes to the local environment that affect spins. Spin-based quantum sensors can be used to search for these myriad phenomena, and offer a methodology for tests of fundamental physics that is complementary to particle colliders and large scale particle detectors. Areas of technological development that can significantly enhance the sensitivity of spin-based quantum sensors to new physics are highlighted.

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Section: Searches For Exotic Spin-dependent Interactions Using Magnet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Sensors for High Precision Measurements of Spin-dependent Interactions

Budker¹,

Cecil²,

Chupp³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The couplings between the dark sectors and the spins of nucleons in Eq. (2.1) can be detected through nuclear magnetic resonance [33,34,38,41], Floquet masers [36], or spin-based amplifiers [42,49]. In such cases, the nucleons are initially polarized along a specific direction, and the signals O on the transverse directions can be captured.…”

Section: Circular and Linear Polarization Basis Of Vector Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where a and ψ are the axion and the fermion field respectively with coupling constant g a , and σ is the spin operator of the fermion. The vector-like signal in this case is the axion wind/gradient ∇a, which can be detected through nuclear magnetic resonance [33,34,38,41], Floquet masers [36], comagnetometers [37,48], magnon [35,39,40], or spin-based amplifiers [42,49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting axion and dark photon with a network of vector sensors

Chen,

Jiang,

Shu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We develop formalisms for a network of vector sensors, sensitive to certain spatial components of the signals, to identify the properties of light axion or dark photon background. These bosonic fields contribute to vector-like signals in the detectors, including effective magnetic fields triggering the spin precession, effective electric currents in a shielded room, and forces on the matter. The interplay between a pair of vector sensors and a baseline that separates them can potentially uncover rich information of the bosons, including angular distribution, polarization modes, source localization, and macroscopic circular polarization. Using such a network, one can identify the microscopic nature of a potential signal, such as distinguishing between the axion-fermion coupling and the dipole couplings with the dark photon.

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“…In order to maximize the interaction strength for potentials V 6+7 and V 14 , V 15 , the angle between the test mass nuclear spin polarization, σtm , and the sensor NV electron spin polarization, σnv , should be close to 90°, Eqs. ( 8), (10), (12). Under the PulsePol sequence, σtm tends to align with the axis of the NV centers that are on resonance with the microwaves.…”

Section: Nuclear-spin-polarized Diamond Test Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tabletop experiments have expanded the range of constraints, particularly in the light mass ( 1 meV) and macroscopic length ( 0.2 mm) range. Examples of these experiments include nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [9][10][11][12], spin-polarized torsion pendulum measurements [13][14][15][16], atomic beam spectroscopy [17,18], and ultracold molecular spectroscopy [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for the search for new spin interactions at the micrometer scale using diamond quantum sensors

Chu,

Ristoff,

Smits

et al. 2021

Preprint

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For decades, searches for exotic spin interactions have used increasingly-precise laboratory measurements to test various theoretical models of particle physics. However, most searches have focused on interaction length scales of 1 mm, corresponding to hypothetical boson masses of 0.2 meV. Recently, quantum sensors based on Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as a promising platform to probe spin interactions at the micrometer scale, opening the door to explore new physics at this length scale. Here, we propose experiments to search for several hypothetical interactions between NV electron spins and moving masses. We focus on potential interactions involving the coupling of NV spin ensembles to both spin-polarized and unpolarized masses attached to vibrating mechanical oscillators. For each interaction, we estimate the sensitivity, identify optimal experimental conditions, and analyze potential systematic errors. Using multi-pulse quantum sensing protocols with NV spin ensembles to improve sensitivity, we project new constraints that are 5 orders-of-magnitude improvement over previous constraints at the micrometer scale. We also identify a spin-polarized test mass, based on hyperpolarized 13 C nuclear spins in a thin diamond membrane, which offers a favorable combination of high spin density and low stray magnetic fields. Our analysis is timely in light of a recent preprint [1] reporting a surprising non-zero result of µm-scale spin-velocity interactions.

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Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-based amplifier

Abstract: Advanced quantum sensor enables a search for spin physics beyond the standard model.

Cited by 51 publications

References 62 publications

Quantum Sensors for High Precision Measurements of Spin-dependent Interactions

Quantum Sensors for High Precision Measurements of Spin-dependent Interactions

Dissecting axion and dark photon with a network of vector sensors

Proposal for the search for new spin interactions at the micrometer scale using diamond quantum sensors

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