We performed a search for the decay K 0 L ! 3 with the E391a detector at KEK. In the data accumulated in 2005, no event was observed in the signal region. Based on the assumption of K 0 L ! 3 proceeding via parity-violation, we obtained the single event sensitivity to be ð3:23 AE 0:14Þ Â 10 À8 , and set an upper limit on the branching ratio to be 7:4 Â 10 À8 at the 90% confidence level. This is a factor of 3.2 improvement compared to the previous results. The results of K 0 L ! 3 proceeding via parityconservation were also presented in this paper.We report the first results of a search for the decay K 0 L ! 3 since the last experimental update in 1995 [1]. Although the decay is forbidden by charge-conjugation invariance, it can proceed via weak parity-violating interactions without violating CP. But due to further suppressions by the gauge invariance and Bose statistics [2], the branching ratio (BR) of K 0 L ! 3 is expected to be very small. Assuming the decay proceeds via K 0 L ! 0 0 ! 3 process with two 0 's internally converting to photons, the calculated BRðK 0 L ! 3Þ is 3 Â 10 À19 [3]. Recently, a new calculation based on the parity-violating model showed that the BR should be in the range of 1 Â 10 À19 BRðK 0 L ! 3Þ 7 Â 10 À17 [4]. The E391a experiment [5,6] was conducted at KEK using neutral kaons produced by 12 GeV protons incident on a 0.8-cm-diameter and 6-cm-long platinum target. The proton intensity was typically 2 Â 10 12 per spill coming every 4 sec. The neutral beam [7], with a solid angle of 12:6 str, was defined by a series of six sets of collimators and a pair of sweeping magnets aligned at a production angle of 4 degrees. A 7-cm-thick lead block and