Search methodologies for efficient planetary site selection

Simões, Luís; Pais, Tiago C.; Ribeiro, Rita A.; Jonniaux, Grégory; Reynaud, S.

doi:10.1109/cec.2009.4983183

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The horizontal position could be either latitude and longitude or the x and y distances (meters or feet) from a predetermined origin. The required elevation accuracy for detailed surveys is between 0.004 and 0.2 m as well as to obtain such accuracy requires performing either an electronic distance meter (theodolite) survey or a totalfield differentially corrected global positioning survey (GPS) (Simões et al, 2009). This method requires two steps, locate each of the existing collection points with (X; Y) coordinate system and find out the (X; Y) coordinate system of the new area by taking the average (X; Y) coordinate of all existing area.…”

Section: Center Of Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou

Kaghembega¹,

Xia²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Waste management is one of the major challenges of urban management in Sub Saharan African countries. The current difficulties in the management of solid waste are the result of poor mastering of concepts, approaches, and techniques. This paper aims to study the Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou. Since the site location is important for collection optimization, the paper was focused on the research of the technique to achieve this goal with two identified methods, the gravity method and the Quantitative System for Business software (WinQSB). The result showed that both methods got the same coordinate system (12.36943601;-1.513841578) which corresponds to street 3.22, Dapoya, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The new site offers more benefits, especially in terms of cost reduction as well as greenhouse gas reduction. For example, ten million FCFA or twenty thousand 20,000 USD a year could be saved up.CO 2 emissions in the transport sector pose a key problem along with particle and NOx emissions. Also, 30 m 3 of gasoline is needed per week per truck to transport urban waste, which is released around 3,801.6 Kg of CO 2 per year by using an old transfer station. By considering the new transfer station because of the proximity of collection points, around 2,500.8 Kg of CO 2 per year is released which is less than CO 2 released in the old station.

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Section: Center Of Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou

Kaghembega¹,

Xia²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…For optimal landing site selection, the selection index of the safe landing site was given by Johnson and Simo˜es, but positioning the safe landing site was not reported. 10,14,15 Liu et al 16 adopted genetic algorithm (GA) to identify a safe landing site from the gray images, which is heavily subject to the false detection and missing detection rate; at the same time, several minutes are needed to accomplish image processing and optimization computation. Du et al 17 adopted particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select a safe landing point in the 3D elevation map, which is difficult to apply to engineering practice due to its considerable complexity and large computation burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative hazard detection and avoidance guidance for safe lunar landing

Jiang

Tao

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Safe planetary landing is considered a key technology for future robotic and manned planetary landing missions. The relay hazard detection and proportion–integration–differentiation avoidance guidance algorithms were used in Chang’e-3 mission, which not only increased the complexity of the guidance system, but also resulted in non-fuel-optimal avoidance guidance from the viewpoint of fuel consumption. To further develop and improve the hazard detection and avoidance scheme of Chang’e-3, novel autonomous hazard avoidance methodologies should be investigated. This paper addresses an innovative hazard detection and avoidance scheme for safe lunar landing from the following three aspects: imaging flash lidar based hazard detection, safe landing site selection strategy, and minimum-fuel hazard avoidance guidance. First, the three-dimensional imaging flash lidar, a developing three-dimensional imaging sensor, is utilized to rapidly and precisely detect three-dimensional terrain of the landing area. Second, the hazard detection and optimum landing site selection strategy inherited from Chang’e-3 are improved and enhanced to estimate the potential obstacles, and select an optimum landing site which is the guidance target of following hazard avoidance. Next, the fuel-optimal hazard avoidance guidance problem is transcribed into as a minimum-fuel consumption optimization problem using the Gauss pseudospectral method, which is easily solved by the open-source software GPOPS. Finally, the validity of the autonomous hazard detection and avoidance guidance scheme proposed in this paper is confirmed by computer simulation.

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“…For safe landing site selection, the safe index of the landing site was proposed in literatures Simões et al, 2012;Simoes et al, 2009), but it was not reported on how to locate the safe landing spot. Shao et al (2008) presented a safe landing site selection approach based on computational geometry and genetic algorithm, but obstacles were only treated as discrete circles or ellipses, therefore the suboptimal largest circles appeared sometimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Experiment on Landing Site Selection Using a Simple Geometric Approach

Zhao

Tong

Xie

et al. 2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Safe landing is an important part of the planetary exploration mission. Even fine scale terrain hazards (such as rocks, small craters, steep slopes, which would not be accurately detected from orbital reconnaissance) could also pose a serious risk on planetary lander or rover and scientific instruments on-board it. In this paper, a simple geometric approach on planetary landing hazard detection and safe landing site selection is proposed. In order to achieve full implementation of this algorithm, two easy-to-compute metrics are presented for extracting the terrain slope and roughness information. Unlike conventional methods which must do the robust plane fitting and elevation interpolation for DEM generation, in this work, hazards is identified through the processing directly on LiDAR point cloud. For safe landing site selection, a Generalized Voronoi Diagram is constructed. Based on the idea of maximum empty circle, the safest landing site can be determined. In this algorithm, hazards are treated as general polygons, without special simplification (e.g. regarding hazards as discrete circles or ellipses). So using the aforementioned method to process hazards is more conforming to the real planetary exploration scenario. For validating the approach mentioned above, a simulated planetary terrain model was constructed using volcanic ash with rocks in indoor environment. A commercial laser scanner mounted on a rail was used to scan the terrain surface at different hanging positions. The results demonstrate that fairly hazard detection capability and reasonable site selection was obtained compared with conventional method, yet less computational time and less memory usage was consumed. Hence, it is a feasible candidate approach for future precision landing selection on planetary surface.

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Search methodologies for efficient planetary site selection

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou

Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou

Innovative hazard detection and avoidance guidance for safe lunar landing

Simulation Experiment on Landing Site Selection Using a Simple Geometric Approach

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